Clostridium botulinum Neurotoxin: The Duality of a Microbe with Fatal and Therapeutic Applications: Difference between revisions
From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 45: | Line 45: | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
<ref name=aa>[ | <ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2911(09)05503-9 Peck, M.W. (2009) “Biology and Genomic Analysis of Clostridium botulinum,” Advances in Microbial Physiology. Academic Press.Vol. 55, 183-320. ]</ref> | ||
<ref>[ | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.06.015 Xin, W., et al. (2019) “Identification and characterization of Clostridium botulinum strains associated with an infant botulism case in China,” Anaerobe, Vol. 55, 1-7.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2010.03.005 Peck, M.W., Stringer, S.C., Carter, A.T. (2011) “Clostridium botulinum in the post-genomic era,” Food Microbiology, 28(2), 183-191.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resmic.2014.09.007 Smith, T.J., Hill, K.K., Raphael, B.H. ( 2015) “Historical and current perspectives on Clostridium botulinum diversity,” Research in Microbiology, 166(4), 290-302.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-0101(01)00157-X Johnson, E.A., Bradshaw, M., (2001) “Clostridium botulinum and its neurotoxins: a metabolic and cellular perspective,” Toxicon, 39(11), 1703-1722.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.4-3-258 Ting, P. T., Freiman, A. (2004) “The story of Clostridium botulinum: from food poisoning to Botox,” Clinical medicine, 4(3), 258–261.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1128/9781555818463.ch17 Johnson, E.A. (2012) “Clostridium botulinum. In Food Microbiology” (eds M.P. Doyle and R.L. Buchanan).]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/mandi1977/39/3/39_3_161/_pdf/-char/ja Oguma, K., Fujinaga, Y., Inoue, K., (1994) “Structure and Function of Clostridium botulinum Toxins,” Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Medical School, 39(3), 161-168.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/index.html Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. June 8, 2022. Botulism. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2019_271 Whitcup, S.M. (2019) “The History of Botulinum Toxins in Medicine: A Thousand Year Journey,” Botulinum Toxin Therapy, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, 263.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.20003 Erbguth, F.J. (2004) “Historical notes on botulism, Clostridium botulinum, botulinum toxin, and the idea of the therapeutic use of the toxin.” Mov. Disord., 19, S2-S6.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://doi.org/10.5152/eajm.2010.25 Cagan, E., Peker, E., Dogan, M., & Caksen, H. (2010) “Infant botulism,” The Eurasian journal of medicine, 42(2), 92–94.]</ref> | |||
<ref name=aa>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493178/ Van Horn N.L., Street M. (2024) “Infantile Botulism,” StatPearls.]</ref> | |||
<br><br>Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by [https://biology.kenyon.edu/slonc/slonc.htm Joan Slonczewski,]at [http://www.kenyon.edu/index.xml Kenyon College,]2024 | <br><br>Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by [https://biology.kenyon.edu/slonc/slonc.htm Joan Slonczewski,]at [http://www.kenyon.edu/index.xml Kenyon College,]2024 | ||
Revision as of 23:05, 14 April 2024
Section
Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. See PHIL 617 for a black and white view of this image. Phoro credit: CDC.
By Firtnam Lastname
At right is a sample image insertion. It works for any image uploaded anywhere to MicrobeWiki.
The insertion code consists of:
Double brackets: [[
Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
Thumbnail status: |thumb|
Pixel size: |300px|
Placement on page: |right|
Legend/credit: Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Photo credit: CDC. Every image requires a link to the source.
Closed double brackets: ]]
Other examples:
Bold
Italic
Subscript: H2O
Superscript: Fe3+
Sample citations: [1]
[2]
A citation code consists of a hyperlinked reference within "ref" begin and end codes.
To repeat the citation for other statements, the reference needs to have a names: "Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski,at Kenyon College,2024
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Peck, M.W. (2009) “Biology and Genomic Analysis of Clostridium botulinum,” Advances in Microbial Physiology. Academic Press.Vol. 55, 183-320. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid<ref>tag; name "aa" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.
