Campylobacteriosis
Etiology/Bacteriology
Taxonomy
| Domain = Bacteria | Phylum = Proteobacteria | Class = Epsilon Proteobacteria | Order = Campylobacterales | Family = Campylobacteraceae | Genus = Campylobacter | Species = jejuni
Description
Caption
Pathogenesis
Transmission
Infectious Dose, Incubation, Colonization
Epidemiology
Virulence Factors
Clinical features
Symptoms
Morbidity and Mortality
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of campylobacter is done by confirming its presence in the patient’s stool. The two methods most used in identification are growth on a selective medium such as Preston campylobacter selective agar (Bolton F.J. and Robertson L. (1982) J. Clin. Pathol. 35. 462-467.) and Polymerization Chain Reaction (PCR) (World J Gastroenterol. 2013 May 28; 19(20): 3090–3095. Published online 2013 May 28. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i20.3090 PMCID: PMC3662949 Mao-Jun Zhang, Bo Qiao, Xue-Bin Xu, and Jian-Zhong Zhang)to determine the DNA presence of Campylobacter jejuni as well as other related species.
Treatment
Treatment of Campylobacteriosis is done by managing the symptoms and any complications until the symptoms subside. Symptoms mainly include diarrhea leading to dehydration, and vomiting. Antibiotics can be used but are not usually administered unless serious complications arise. A majority of people recover from the symptoms within a week; however, some cases have known to take up to approximately 10 days.
Replacements of fluids and electrolytes lost during diarrhea and vomiting are keys to recovery and preventing symptoms from being prolonged. Water or rehydration drinks are recommended. Drinks such as soda and fruit juices contain too much sugar and too few electrolytes to be considered effective treatments for dehydration.
Maintaining a normal diet as much as possible will help to recovering faster. Avoid foods that have high fat and sugar content as well as spicy foods, alcohol, and coffee until approximately 2 days after symptoms subside. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Campylobacter. Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/divisions/dfbmd/diseases/campylobacter.)
Prevention
Risk Avoidance
Immunization
Host Immune Response
References
References
Created by Halen Borron, Kelley Raines, and Evan Robinson, students of Tyrrell Conway at the University of Oklahoma.