Enterorhabdus mucosicola

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A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Enterorhabdus mucosicola

Classification

Higher order taxa

Bacteria; Actinobacteria; Coriobacteriia; Eggerthellales; Eggerthellaceae; Enterorhabdus.

Species

Enterohabdus mucosicola

Description and significance

Enterorhabdus mucosicola is a gram-positive, non-spore-forming rod that exists in mammalian intestines. Isolated in 2009 from inflamed ileal samples of TNFdeltaARE mice (from the final section of the small intestine), the new genus and species Enterorhabdus mucosicola was proposed, type strain Mt1B8T. Mice are a widely used laboratory animal, yet little is known about their intestinal microbiome. The bacteria isolated from the intestine could play a role in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). E. mucosicola is closely related to the more recently isolated Enterorhabdus caecimuris, as well as Eggerthella species.

Genome structure

The genome has been completely sequenced, and the length of the 16S rRNA is 1450 bp. The genome is circular, and the DNA contains a high percentage of Guanine and Cytosine (64.31 mol%).

Cell and colony structure

Cells are rods measuring approximately 0.5 x 2.0 µm. The cellular fatty acid profile is unique within the family Coriobacteriaceae; the major fatty acid is C16:0. LL-diaminopimelic acid is the diamino acid in the peptidoglycan, galactose and ribose are the whole-cell sugars, and the major polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified phospholipids and four unidentified glycolipids. Colonies are small and circular (pinpoint) with smooth edges (entire), raised, and translucent to slightly opaque.

Metabolism

E. mucosicola is anaerobic. Amino acid derivatives are converted as an energy source. Analysis has shown the species to be catalase-, coagulase-, indole-, and oxidase-negative.

Ecology

Cells are currently only known to exist in the gut microbiome of mice (Mus musculus). The cells are aerotolerant but grow only when oxygen is restricted, although isolation procedures indicated that the strain could survive at least 30 minutes in the presence of atmospheric oxygen (Clavel et al, 2009). Cells are mesophilic, and the type strain was cultured at 37 degrees Celsius. Cells grow between pH 5.5 and 9.5.

Pathology

E. mucosicola is associated with inflamed gut mucosa, although it has not been determined whether it is a causal element. The microbe is sensitive to a variety of antibiotics, but showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, colistin, and oxacillin.

References

[Clavel, T., Charrier, C., Braune, A., Wenning, M., Blaut, M., and Haller, D. "Isolation of bacteria from the ileal mucosa of TNFdeltaARE mice and description of Enterorhabdus mucosicola gen. nov., sp. nov." Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. (2009) 59:1805-1812.] [Clavel T, Duck W, Charrier C, Wenning M, Elson C et al. (2010) Enterorhabdus caecimuris sp. nov., a member of the family Coriobacteriaceae isolated from a mouse model of spontaneous colitis, and emended description of the genus Enterorhabdus Clavel et al. 2009. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60: 1527-1531.]


Edited by Emily Scannell with Dr. Lisa R. Moore, University of Southern Maine, Department of Biological Sciences, http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio