Staphylococcus muscae

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A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Staphylococcus muscae

Classification

Higher order taxa

Domain; Phylum; Class; Order; Family; Genus Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Staphylococcaceae; Staphylococcus

Species

NCBI: Taxonomy

Staphylococcus Muscae

Description and significance

Staphylococcus Muscae is a small cocci shaped Gram-positive bacteria, of 0.4 to 1.1 micrometers in diameter. They do not form spores and are immobile, usually found in irregularly shaped clumps. Colonies are slightly convex, circular, smooth, and a grayish white color, usually appearing about 5-6 mm. It grows well in up to 10% sodium chloride, but no growth is seen over 15% concentration. The bacteria grows at 25°C, but no growth is observed at 10 or 45°C. S. muscae are facultative anaerobes, meaning it can breathe anaerobically if needed but grows optimally in the presence of oxygen.

Genome structure

Staphylococcus Muscae has a G+C content of 40-41%.

Cell structure and metabolism

Staphylococcus Muscae is Gram-positive, meaning the cell walls have peptidoglycan, a glycine rich source. It produces catalase, phosphatase, nuclease, and lecitthinase. S. muscae also produces oxidase, coagulase, clumping factor, fibrinolysin, thermostable nuclease, tellurite reductase, gelatinase, protease, urease, arginine dihydrolase, alpha- or beta-haemeolysins, ornithine decarboxylase, acetyl-methylcarbinol or beta-galactosidase, but cannot hydrolyze starch or esculin. Aerobically, it can produce acid from glucose, fructose, sucrose, trehalose, turanose, xylose, and glycerol using glucose. Anaerobically, it can weakly produce acid from glucose. Using crystal violet agar, blue or white colonies are observed to form.

Ecology

Staphylococcus Muscae was first discovered in flies (Musca domestica & Stomoxys calcitrans) in 1992.

Pathology

Staphylococcus Muscae is not known to cause any disease. It is resistant to lysozome and bacitracin. S. muscae is susceptible to furadantin, novobiocin, penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin, cephaloridine, erythromycin, lincomycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, gentamicin, and vancomycin.

References

[ 1. ^ Hájek V, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Springer N, Zitzelsberger W, Kroppenstedt RM, Kocur MStaphylococcus muscae, a new species Isolated from flies. http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/42/1/97.pdf]