https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&feed=atom&action=historyE. coli O157 in North America - Revision history2024-03-28T23:39:19ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.6https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=59978&oldid=prevBarichD at 17:57, 15 April 20112011-04-15T17:57:09Z<p></p>
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</table>BarichDhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=54985&oldid=prevBarichD at 03:17, 20 August 20102010-08-20T03:17:59Z<p></p>
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</table>BarichDhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47787&oldid=prevJheard: /* Introduction */2009-08-28T22:47:50Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Introduction</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Introduction==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Introduction==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>E. coli O157:H7 is a harmful strain of E. coli that produces a bacterial infection in humans if it gets into their digestive tracts. According to the CDC, “In 1999 it was estimated that about 73,000 people in the U.S. got sick each year from E. coli. About 60 died.” E. coli O157:H7 is an enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC for short), meaning that it causes bloody diarrhea. Other symptoms may include severe stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms usually arise within 3-4 days after contact with the disease, and can be diagnosed by testing a stool sample for the bacteria. In some rare cases (usually in children and the elderly) E. coli O157:H7 infection may lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can cause kidney failure and even death. However the majority of people infected get better within a week after the symptoms.[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">http://www.cdc.gov/nczved/dfbmd/disease_listing/stec_gi.html#</del>1<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">] [http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/e-coli-infection-topic-overview</del>]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>E. coli O157:H7 is a harmful strain of E. coli that produces a bacterial infection in humans if it gets into their digestive tracts. According to the CDC, “In 1999 it was estimated that about 73,000 people in the U.S. got sick each year from E. coli. About 60 died.” E. coli O157:H7 is an enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC for short), meaning that it causes bloody diarrhea. Other symptoms may include severe stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms usually arise within 3-4 days after contact with the disease, and can be diagnosed by testing a stool sample for the bacteria. In some rare cases (usually in children and the elderly) E. coli O157:H7 infection may lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can cause kidney failure and even death. However the majority of people infected get better within a week after the symptoms.[1<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">,2</ins>]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description of E. coli O157==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description of E. coli O157==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47786&oldid=prevJheard: /* What else could be done to address this problem */2009-08-28T22:46:19Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">What else could be done to address this problem</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few interesting news articles about E. coli O157:H7: </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few interesting news articles about E. coli O157:H7: </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>1.[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">NY times article on the </del>Source of Deadly E. coli]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>2.[http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2006-10-04-spinach-wash-usat_x.htm| <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the current cleaning methods for leafy greens does </del>not <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fully sanitize </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">crop</del>] </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>1.[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| Source of Deadly E. coli <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">is found</ins>]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>3.[http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/cidrap/content/fs/food-disease/news/oct0506spinach.html| <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">serious </del>E<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. </del>coli <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">O157:H7 outbreak in 2006</del>]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>3.[http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/cidrap/content/fs/food-disease/news/oct0506spinach.html| E coli <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">cases reach 192; feds search produce plants</ins>]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47785&oldid=prevJheard: /* What else could be done to address this problem */2009-08-28T22:44:23Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">What else could be done to address this problem</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few interesting news articles about E. coli O157:H7: [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">,</del>[http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2006-10-04-spinach-wash-usat_x.htm| the current cleaning methods for leafy greens does not fully sanitize the crop]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>[http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/cidrap/content/fs/food-disease/news/oct0506spinach.html| serious E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in 2006].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few interesting news articles about E. coli O157:H7: </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1.</ins>[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2.</ins>[http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2006-10-04-spinach-wash-usat_x.htm| the current cleaning methods for leafy greens does not fully sanitize the crop] </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">3.</ins>[http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/cidrap/content/fs/food-disease/news/oct0506spinach.html| serious E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in 2006].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47784&oldid=prevJheard: /* What else could be done to address this problem */2009-08-28T22:43:30Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">What else could be done to address this problem</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:43, 28 August 2009</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">links to some </del>interesting news articles about E. coli [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few interesting news articles about E. coli <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">O157:H7: </ins>[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">,[http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/food/2006-10-04-spinach-wash-usat_x.htm| the current cleaning methods for leafy greens does not fully sanitize the crop], [http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/cidrap/content/fs/food-disease/news/oct0506spinach.html| serious E. coli O157:H7 outbreak in 2006].</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47783&oldid=prevJheard: /* What else could be done to address this problem */2009-08-28T22:38:57Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">What else could be done to address this problem</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:38, 28 August 2009</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l35">Line 35:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few links to some interesting news articles about E. coli <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[</del>[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login|NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]</del>]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Here are a few links to some interesting news articles about E. coli [http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login| NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47782&oldid=prevJheard at 22:38, 28 August 20092009-08-28T22:38:26Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:38, 28 August 2009</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l34">Line 34:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==What else could be done to address this problem==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==What else could be done to address this problem==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>New methods that would allow a quicker and easier identification of different E. coli strains would be very beneficial for epidemiological studies.[12] Serotyping is often a tedious and difficult task currently done in very few labs equipped to identify strains other than 0157:H7.[12] Due to this, researchers are looking into herd based control methods. They try to understand how the bacteria are passed to the milk or the beef and in order to stop the contamination at the cattle. Beef irradiation is currently under way with a watchful eye by scientists in all related government agencies so far approving the procedure.[9] There are some issues with cost, packaging, and labeling which if settled could help increase the scale of this implementation. Another Idea which is being worked on currently is to aid, assist, or implement a natural immune response in the cattle. This will allow their immune system to fight the bacteria and kill it making it unable to pass through the in fecal material that can potentially contaminate nearby crops.[14] It has been found that the bacteria are not completely commensal with the cattle and that infection does illicit a minor immune response in the terminal rectums mucosal lining.[11] If this response can be amplified there could be an effective immunization that can be given to cattle to stop the spread of E. coli.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Here are a few links to some interesting news articles about E. coli [[http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/13/us/13spinach.html?_r=3&hp&ex=1160712000&en=5ba6de4112816ac2&ei=5094&partner=homepage&oref=login|NY times article on the Source of Deadly E. coli]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47781&oldid=prevJheard: /* Description of the microbe */2009-08-28T22:25:57Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Description of the microbe</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:25, 28 August 2009</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>When compared to E. coli K-12 (the most commonly used avirulent lab strain), O157:H7 has a larger genome and has the ability to be a pathogen. Studies have shown that the toxin produced by O157:H7 is similar to the toxin produced by a different bacterium called Shigella flexneri. The side effects of these two toxin-producing bacteria are the same in humans. Also the GC content of the genomic islands in O157:H7 are the same as the GC content in Shigella flexneri. For these reasons it is believed that O157:H7 acquired the ability to produce the Shiga toxin and its virulence genes via a horizontal transfer of DNA from a Shigella flexneri bacterium.[5] </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>When compared to E. coli K-12 (the most commonly used avirulent lab strain), O157:H7 has a larger genome and has the ability to be a pathogen. Studies have shown that the toxin produced by O157:H7 is similar to the toxin produced by a different bacterium called Shigella flexneri. The side effects of these two toxin-producing bacteria are the same in humans. Also the GC content of the genomic islands in O157:H7 are the same as the GC content in Shigella flexneri. For these reasons it is believed that O157:H7 acquired the ability to produce the Shiga toxin and its virulence genes via a horizontal transfer of DNA from a Shigella flexneri bacterium.[5] </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>See also [[E. coli]] and [[E. coli O157:H7]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>See also <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the microbewiki pages for </ins>[[E. coli]] and [[E. coli O157:H7]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transmission of disease===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Transmission of disease===</div></td></tr>
</table>Jheardhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=E._coli_O157_in_North_America&diff=47780&oldid=prevJheard at 22:23, 28 August 20092009-08-28T22:23:32Z<p></p>
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