https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&feed=atom&action=historyEnterovirus 71 - Revision history2024-03-28T19:07:55ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.6https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=119619&oldid=prevBarichD at 14:44, 11 February 20162016-02-11T14:44:14Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:OULOGOBIANCO.JPEG|thumb|230px|right|University of Oklahoma Study Abroad Microbiology in Arezzo, Italy[http://cas.ou.edu/study-abroad/]]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Etiology/Bacteriology==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Etiology/Bacteriology==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Taxonomy===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Taxonomy===</div></td></tr>
</table>BarichDhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=105438&oldid=prevRegina: /* Epidemiology */2014-07-30T07:53:38Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Epidemiology</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Epidemiology===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Epidemiology===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first isolation of enterovirus 71 was in fecal matter of a baby with encephalitis in California in 1969. In 1973, EV71 was first recognized as causing epidemics of HFMD in Japan. Also in the 1970s, two large epidemics of EV71 occurred in Europe which <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was </del>recognized from the virus causing HFMD or other symptoms. The first outbreak in Europe was in Bulgaria. EV71 was the causative agent in 77% of the children with non-specific febrile illness and neurological disease. Of the 451 children with the disease, approximately 10% died. In the second epidemic in Hungary, symptoms were aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Few patients had HFMD. 3% of the 1550 cases of the disease died. Small sporadic outbreaks continued to break out in the 1980s in Hong Kong and Australia. By the late 1990s, large outbreaks occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. The death rate was less than 1 percent of the patients. The largest outbreak occurred in 1998 in Taiwan. This outbreak had 1.5 million infections, 405 severe cases, and 78 deaths. The latest outbreak was in China in 2008, when 490,000 infections were reported with 126 deaths. In many areas in the Asia-Pacific region, cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2 to 3 years. Fatality rates from these outbreaks have been as high as 14%, with the majority of these having complications such as encephalitis. Thus far, outbreaks of EV71 arise at a low level in the Africa, Europe, and the US. [[#Reference|[5]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first isolation of enterovirus 71 was in fecal matter of a baby with encephalitis in California in 1969. In 1973, EV71 was first recognized as causing epidemics of HFMD in Japan. Also in the 1970s, two large epidemics of EV71 occurred in Europe which <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">were </ins>recognized from the virus causing HFMD or other symptoms. The first outbreak in Europe was in Bulgaria. EV71 was the causative agent in 77% of the children with non-specific febrile illness and neurological disease. Of the 451 children with the disease, approximately 10% died. In the second epidemic in Hungary, symptoms were aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Few patients had HFMD. 3% of the 1550 cases of the disease died. Small sporadic outbreaks continued to break out in the 1980s in Hong Kong and Australia. By the late 1990s, large outbreaks occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. The death rate was less than 1 percent of the patients. The largest outbreak occurred in 1998 in Taiwan. This outbreak had 1.5 million infections, 405 severe cases, and 78 deaths. The latest outbreak was in China in 2008, when 490,000 infections were reported with 126 deaths. In many areas in the Asia-Pacific region, cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2 to 3 years. Fatality rates from these outbreaks have been as high as 14%, with the majority of these having complications such as encephalitis. Thus far, outbreaks of EV71 arise at a low level in the Africa, Europe, and the US. [[#Reference|[5]]]</div></td></tr>
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</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=105436&oldid=prevRegina: /* Description */2014-07-30T07:51:21Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Description</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Enterovirus 71.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Three-dimensional reconstruction of enterovirus 71[https://news.uns.purdue.edu/images/2012/rossmann-ev71.jpg]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Enterovirus 71.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Three-dimensional reconstruction of enterovirus 71[https://news.uns.purdue.edu/images/2012/rossmann-ev71.jpg]]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Enterovirus 71 is a single stranded RNA positive strand virus from the Picornaviridae family. Enteroviruses are divided into two classes, polioviruses and nonpolioviruses. Enterovirus 71 is considered a nonpoliovirus. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the common <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">causees </del>of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). Although HFMD is the most common diagnosis from an EV71 infection, more severe complications can occur due to the infection, such as encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis. This disease is transmitted via the oral<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">-fecal </del>route and can remain in fecal matter for up to 11 weeks. Colonization occurs in the intestinal tract and then can spread into the bloodstream and into organ systems. EV71 epidemics have occurred in the Asia-Pacific region with few outbreaks in Europe. Although complications can occur from this infection, the mortality rate has only reached 14% in the largest outbreak to date.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Enterovirus 71 is a single stranded RNA positive strand virus from the Picornaviridae family. Enteroviruses are divided into two classes, polioviruses and nonpolioviruses. Enterovirus 71 is considered a nonpoliovirus. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the common <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">causes </ins>of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). Although HFMD is the most common diagnosis from an EV71 infection, more severe complications can occur due to the infection, such as encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis. This disease is transmitted via the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">fecal-</ins>oral route and can remain in fecal matter for up to 11 weeks. Colonization occurs in the intestinal tract and then can spread into the bloodstream and into organ systems. EV71 epidemics have occurred in the Asia-Pacific region with few outbreaks in Europe. Although complications can occur from this infection, the mortality rate has only reached 14% in the largest outbreak to date.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Pathogenesis==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Pathogenesis==</div></td></tr>
</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=105169&oldid=prevRegina at 19:04, 28 July 20142014-07-28T19:04:25Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[8]Liu, ML, et al. Type I interferons protect mice against enterovirus 71 infection. <i>J Gen Virol.</i> 2005 Dec;86(Pt 12):3263-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16298971<br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[8]Liu, ML, et al. Type I interferons protect mice against enterovirus 71 infection. <i>J Gen Virol.</i> 2005 Dec;86(Pt 12):3263-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16298971<br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[9]Shih SR1, Stollar V, Lin JY, Chang SC, Chen GW, Li ML. Identification of genes involved in the host response to enterovirus 71 infection. <i>J Neurovirol.</i> 2004 Oct;10(5):293-304. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15385252<br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[9]Shih SR1, Stollar V, Lin JY, Chang SC, Chen GW, Li ML. Identification of genes involved in the host response to enterovirus 71 infection. <i>J Neurovirol.</i> 2004 Oct;10(5):293-304. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15385252<br></div></td></tr>
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</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=104957&oldid=prevRegina: /* Epidemiology */2014-07-27T21:00:14Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Epidemiology</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Epidemiology===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Epidemiology===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first isolation of enterovirus 71 was in fecal matter of a baby with encephalitis in California in 1969. In 1973, EV71 was first recognized as causing epidemics of HFMD in Japan. Also in the 1970s, two large epidemics of EV71 occurred in Europe which was recognized from the virus causing HFMD or other symptoms. The first outbreak in Europe was in Bulgaria. EV71 was the causative agent in 77% of the children with non-specific febrile illness and neurological disease. Of the 451 children with the disease, approximately 10% died. In the second epidemic in Hungary, symptoms were aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Few patients had HFMD. 3% of the 1550 cases of the disease died. Small sporadic outbreaks continued to break out in the 1980s in Hong Kong and Australia. By the late 1990s, large outbreaks occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. The death rate was less than 1 percent of the patients. The largest <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and most deadly </del>outbreak occurred in 1998 in Taiwan. This outbreak had 405 severe cases and 78 deaths. The latest outbreak was in China in 2008, when 490,000 infections were reported with 126 deaths. In many areas in the Asia-Pacific region, cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2 to 3 years. Fatality rates from these outbreaks have been as high as 14%, with the majority of these having complications such as encephalitis. Thus far, outbreaks of EV71 arise at a low level in the Africa, Europe, and the US. [[#Reference|[5]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first isolation of enterovirus 71 was in fecal matter of a baby with encephalitis in California in 1969. In 1973, EV71 was first recognized as causing epidemics of HFMD in Japan. Also in the 1970s, two large epidemics of EV71 occurred in Europe which was recognized from the virus causing HFMD or other symptoms. The first outbreak in Europe was in Bulgaria. EV71 was the causative agent in 77% of the children with non-specific febrile illness and neurological disease. Of the 451 children with the disease, approximately 10% died. In the second epidemic in Hungary, symptoms were aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Few patients had HFMD. 3% of the 1550 cases of the disease died. Small sporadic outbreaks continued to break out in the 1980s in Hong Kong and Australia. By the late 1990s, large outbreaks occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. The death rate was less than 1 percent of the patients. The largest outbreak occurred in 1998 in Taiwan. This outbreak had <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1.5 million infections, </ins>405 severe cases<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </ins>and 78 deaths. The latest outbreak was in China in 2008, when 490,000 infections were reported with 126 deaths. In many areas in the Asia-Pacific region, cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2 to 3 years. Fatality rates from these outbreaks have been as high as 14%, with the majority of these having complications such as encephalitis. Thus far, outbreaks of EV71 arise at a low level in the Africa, Europe, and the US. [[#Reference|[5]]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Virulence Factors===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Virulence Factors===</div></td></tr>
</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=104949&oldid=prevRegina: /* Epidemiology */2014-07-27T20:47:31Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Epidemiology</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Epidemiology===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Epidemiology===</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first isolation of enterovirus 71 was in fecal matter of a baby with encephalitis in California in 1969. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(Robust antiviral) </del>In 1973, EV71 was first recognized as causing epidemics of HFMD in Japan. Also in the 1970s, two large epidemics of EV71 occurred in Europe which was recognized from the virus causing HFMD or other symptoms. The first outbreak in Europe was in Bulgaria. EV71 was the causative agent in 77% of the children with non-specific febrile illness and neurological disease. Of the 451 children with the disease, approximately 10% died. In the second epidemic in Hungary, symptoms were aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Few patients had HFMD. 3% of the 1550 cases of the disease died. Small sporadic outbreaks continued to break out in the 1980s in Hong Kong and Australia. By the late 1990s, large outbreaks occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. The death rate was less than 1 percent of the patients. The largest and most deadly outbreak occurred in 1998 in Taiwan. This outbreak had 405 severe cases and 78 deaths. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(robust antiviral) </del>The latest outbreak was in China in 2008, when 490,000 infections were reported with 126 deaths. In many areas in the Asia-Pacific region, cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2 to 3 years. Fatality rates from these outbreaks have been as high as 14%, with the majority of these having complications such as encephalitis. Thus far, outbreaks of EV71 arise at a low level in the Africa, Europe, and the US. [[#Reference|[5]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The first isolation of enterovirus 71 was in fecal matter of a baby with encephalitis in California in 1969. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins>In 1973, EV71 was first recognized as causing epidemics of HFMD in Japan. Also in the 1970s, two large epidemics of EV71 occurred in Europe which was recognized from the virus causing HFMD or other symptoms. The first outbreak in Europe was in Bulgaria. EV71 was the causative agent in 77% of the children with non-specific febrile illness and neurological disease. Of the 451 children with the disease, approximately 10% died. In the second epidemic in Hungary, symptoms were aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. Few patients had HFMD. 3% of the 1550 cases of the disease died. Small sporadic outbreaks continued to break out in the 1980s in Hong Kong and Australia. By the late 1990s, large outbreaks occurred in the Asia-Pacific region. The death rate was less than 1 percent of the patients. The largest and most deadly outbreak occurred in 1998 in Taiwan. This outbreak had 405 severe cases and 78 deaths. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"> </ins>The latest outbreak was in China in 2008, when 490,000 infections were reported with 126 deaths. In many areas in the Asia-Pacific region, cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2 to 3 years. Fatality rates from these outbreaks have been as high as 14%, with the majority of these having complications such as encephalitis. Thus far, outbreaks of EV71 arise at a low level in the Africa, Europe, and the US. [[#Reference|[5]]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Virulence Factors===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Virulence Factors===</div></td></tr>
</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=104946&oldid=prevRegina: /* References */2014-07-27T20:46:32Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1] Information Sheet: Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease related to Enterovirus 71. Public Health Agency of Canada. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/id-mi/ev71-eng.php </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1] Information Sheet: Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease related to Enterovirus 71. Public Health Agency of Canada. http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/id-mi/ev71-eng.php <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br> </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[2]Ooi,Mung How, et al. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. <i>Lancelot Neurol.</i> 2010 Nov;9(11):1097-105. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70209-X. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20965438 </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[2]Ooi,Mung How, et al. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. <i>Lancelot Neurol.</i> 2010 Nov;9(11):1097-105. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70209-X. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20965438 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><br></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[3]Liu CC1, Lian WC, Butler M, Wu SC. High immunogenic enterovirus 71 strain and its production using serum-free microcarrier Vero cell culture. <i>Vaccine.</i> 2007 Jan 2;25(1):19-24. Epub 2006 Aug 2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16919374<br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[3]Liu CC1, Lian WC, Butler M, Wu SC. High immunogenic enterovirus 71 strain and its production using serum-free microcarrier Vero cell culture. <i>Vaccine.</i> 2007 Jan 2;25(1):19-24. Epub 2006 Aug 2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16919374<br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[4]Bennet, Nicholas John, et al. Pediatric Enteroviral Infections. Medscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/963637-overview#a0104<br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[4]Bennet, Nicholas John, et al. Pediatric Enteroviral Infections. Medscape. http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/963637-overview#a0104<br></div></td></tr>
</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=104882&oldid=prevRegina at 14:32, 27 July 20142014-07-27T14:32:24Z<p></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{curated}} </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{curated}} </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:OULOGOBIANCO.JPEG|thumb|230px|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">left</del>|University of Oklahoma Study Abroad Microbiology in Arezzo, Italy[http://cas.ou.edu/study-abroad/]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:OULOGOBIANCO.JPEG|thumb|230px|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">right</ins>|University of Oklahoma Study Abroad Microbiology in Arezzo, Italy[http://cas.ou.edu/study-abroad/]]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Etiology/Bacteriology==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Etiology/Bacteriology==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Taxonomy===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Taxonomy===</div></td></tr>
</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=104881&oldid=prevRegina: /* Treatment */2014-07-27T14:31:40Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Treatment</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Treatment==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Treatment==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:mouth_thumb.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Symptoms of hand-foot-and-mouth disease[http://handfootmouthdisease.org/footandmouthdiseasevshandfootandmouthdisease/]]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For mild infections of EV71 which typically include hand-foot-and-mouth disease, there is no particular treatment. Symptoms typically clear up within seven to 10 days from the day of infection. To relieve pain from mouth sores that develop, an oral anesthetic can be used. The treatment of the general pain associated with the disease can be treated with over the counter drugs such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen.[[#Reference|[7]]]<br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>For mild infections of EV71 which typically include hand-foot-and-mouth disease, there is no particular treatment. Symptoms typically clear up within seven to 10 days from the day of infection. To relieve pain from mouth sores that develop, an oral anesthetic can be used. The treatment of the general pain associated with the disease can be treated with over the counter drugs such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen.[[#Reference|[7]]]<br></div></td></tr>
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</table>Reginahttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Enterovirus_71&diff=104880&oldid=prevRegina: /* Symptoms */2014-07-27T14:31:20Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Symptoms</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 14:31, 27 July 2014</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>EV71 infections can cause a wide range of symptoms and is most common in children under the age of 5. The most common feature is hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). HFMD usually occurs in children and is generally mild. It consists of a papulovesicular rash on the palms and soles as well as multiple oral ulcers (also known as herpangina). In children under the age of two, atypical rashes are frequently seen. Other symptoms that can occur from EV71 are upper respiratory infections, fever, gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. In a Tawainese outbreak of EV71 infections, many adults remained symptom free, however, more than 20% of them developed an upper respiratory infection. <br><br></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>EV71 infections can cause a wide range of symptoms and is most common in children under the age of 5. The most common feature is hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD). HFMD usually occurs in children and is generally mild. It consists of a papulovesicular rash on the palms and soles as well as multiple oral ulcers (also known as herpangina). In children under the age of two, atypical rashes are frequently seen. Other symptoms that can occur from EV71 are upper respiratory infections, fever, gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. In a Tawainese outbreak of EV71 infections, many adults remained symptom free, however, more than 20% of them developed an upper respiratory infection. <br><br></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>EV71 infections can also cause neurological and systemic complications such as aseptic meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and encephalitis (usually in the brainstem). These symptoms are usually successive to or in conjunction with HFMD. Only a small portion of infected children develop these complications, which can be severe and even fatal. Children can develop these symptoms in a matter of hours to days. [[#Reference|[2]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>EV71 infections can also cause neurological and systemic complications such as aseptic meningitis, acute flaccid paralysis, and encephalitis (usually in the brainstem). These symptoms are usually successive to or in conjunction with HFMD. Only a small portion of infected children develop these complications, which can be severe and even fatal. Children can develop these symptoms in a matter of hours to days. [[#Reference|[2]]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:mouth_thumb.jpg|thumb|230px|right|Symptoms of hand-foot-and-mouth disease[http://handfootmouthdisease.org/footandmouthdiseasevshandfootandmouthdisease/]]]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Diagnosis==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Diagnosis==</div></td></tr>
</table>Regina