https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&feed=atom&action=historyKyasanur Forest Disease Virus - Revision history2024-03-28T11:04:50ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.6https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=119706&oldid=prevBarichD at 15:25, 12 February 20162016-02-12T15:25:28Z<p></p>
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</table>BarichDhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=119678&oldid=prevBarichD at 19:32, 11 February 20162016-02-11T19:32:04Z<p></p>
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</table>BarichDhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118534&oldid=prevSelene: /* References */2015-12-04T17:43:33Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[17] [http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/21/1/14-1227_article Kiran, S.K., et al., Kyasanur Forest disease outbreak and vaccination strategy, Shimoga District, India, 2013-2014. ''Emerg Infect Dis'', 2015. 21(1): p. 146-9.]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[17] [http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/21/1/14-1227_article Kiran, S.K., et al., Kyasanur Forest disease outbreak and vaccination strategy, Shimoga District, India, 2013-2014. ''Emerg Infect Dis'', 2015. 21(1): p. 146-9.]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[18] Domingo, E., Escarmis, C., Sevilla, N. & Martinez, M.-A. (1997) Population dynamics and molecular evolution of RNA viruses. ''Factors in the Emergence of Arbovirus Diseases'', pp. 273–278. Edited by J. F. Saluzzo & B. Dodet. Paris: Elsevier. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[18] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_93#page-1 </ins>Domingo, E., Escarmis, C., Sevilla, N. & Martinez, M.-A. (1997) Population dynamics and molecular evolution of RNA viruses. ''Factors in the Emergence of Arbovirus Diseases'', pp. 273–278. Edited by J. F. Saluzzo & B. Dodet. Paris: Elsevier.<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[19] [http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0001352 Dodd, Kimberly, Brian Bird, Marina Khirstova, Cesar Albariño, Serena Carroll, James Corner, Bobbie Erickson, Pierre Rollin, and Stuart Nichol. Ancient Ancestry of KFDV and AHFV Revealed by Complete Genome Analyses of Viruses Isolated from Ticks and Mammalian Hosts. ''PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases: PLOS.'' (2011); 10.1371]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[19] [http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0001352 Dodd, Kimberly, Brian Bird, Marina Khirstova, Cesar Albariño, Serena Carroll, James Corner, Bobbie Erickson, Pierre Rollin, and Stuart Nichol. Ancient Ancestry of KFDV and AHFV Revealed by Complete Genome Analyses of Viruses Isolated from Ticks and Mammalian Hosts. ''PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases: PLOS.'' (2011); 10.1371]</div></td></tr>
</table>Selenehttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118528&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Pathology and Diagnostics */2015-12-04T17:29:33Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Pathology and Diagnostics</span></span></p>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>KFDV has an incubation period of 3-8 days, and a rapid onset, which generally starts with chills, hemorrhagic fever, headaches, and physical weakness. During days 3-4, patients may experience myalgia (muscular pain), vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Some cases can develop hemorrhages into the skin, viscera, and mucosa, abnormally low blood pressure, and low platelets level. Previous case-control studies have found that other common clinical manifestations of patients include bleeding, conjunctival congestion, hematuria, epistaxis, and hematemesis [[#References |[15]]]. Recovery usually happens without further complications after 1-2 weeks after symptoms appear. Nevertheless, a fraction of the patients (10-20%) experience a second phase of the disease, which consists mainly of neurological abnormalities, such as mental disturbances, tremors and vision difficulties.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>KFDV has an incubation period of 3-8 days, and a rapid onset, which generally starts with chills, hemorrhagic fever, headaches, and physical weakness. During days 3-4, patients may experience myalgia (muscular pain), vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Some cases can develop hemorrhages into the skin, viscera, and mucosa, abnormally low blood pressure, and low platelets level. Previous case-control studies have found that other common clinical manifestations of patients include bleeding, conjunctival congestion, hematuria, epistaxis, and hematemesis [[#References |[15]]]. Recovery usually happens without further complications after 1-2 weeks after symptoms appear. Nevertheless, a fraction of the patients (10-20%) experience a second phase of the disease, which consists mainly of neurological abnormalities, such as mental disturbances, tremors and vision difficulties.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since it was first identified, 400-500 outbreaks of KFDV occur per year spreading to adjacent regions of the Shimoga district. These outbreaks are seasonal, occurring mostly from January to June [[#References |[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">16</del>][16]]]. The case fatality rate is about 5%. Diagnosing this virus can be achieved in early stages of the illness using PCR for molecular detection. Isolation from blood could also be done. To detect the presence of the virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be performed [[#References |[2]]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since it was first identified, 400-500 outbreaks of KFDV occur per year spreading to adjacent regions of the Shimoga district. These outbreaks are seasonal, occurring mostly from January to June [[#References |[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">15</ins>][16]]]. The case fatality rate is about 5%. Diagnosing this virus can be achieved in early stages of the illness using PCR for molecular detection. Isolation from blood could also be done. To detect the presence of the virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be performed [[#References |[2]]].</div></td></tr>
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</table>Kerlly24https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118527&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Pathology and Diagnostics */2015-12-04T17:29:08Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Pathology and Diagnostics</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>KFDV has an incubation period of 3-8 days, and a rapid onset, which generally starts with chills, hemorrhagic fever, headaches, and physical weakness. During days 3-4, patients may experience myalgia (muscular pain), vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Some cases can develop hemorrhages into the skin, viscera, and mucosa, abnormally low blood pressure, and low platelets level. Previous case-control studies have found that other common clinical manifestations of patients include bleeding, conjunctival congestion, hematuria, epistaxis, and hematemesis [[#References |[15]]]. Recovery usually happens without further complications after 1-2 weeks after symptoms appear. Nevertheless, a fraction of the patients (10-20%) experience a second phase of the disease, which consists mainly of neurological abnormalities, such as mental disturbances, tremors and vision difficulties.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>KFDV has an incubation period of 3-8 days, and a rapid onset, which generally starts with chills, hemorrhagic fever, headaches, and physical weakness. During days 3-4, patients may experience myalgia (muscular pain), vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Some cases can develop hemorrhages into the skin, viscera, and mucosa, abnormally low blood pressure, and low platelets level. Previous case-control studies have found that other common clinical manifestations of patients include bleeding, conjunctival congestion, hematuria, epistaxis, and hematemesis [[#References |[15]]]. Recovery usually happens without further complications after 1-2 weeks after symptoms appear. Nevertheless, a fraction of the patients (10-20%) experience a second phase of the disease, which consists mainly of neurological abnormalities, such as mental disturbances, tremors and vision difficulties.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since it was first identified, 400-500 outbreaks of KFDV occur per year spreading to adjacent regions of the Shimoga district. These outbreaks are seasonal, occurring mostly from January to June [[#References |[16][16]]]. The case fatality rate is about 5%. Diagnosing this virus can be achieved in early stages of the illness using PCR for molecular detection. Isolation from blood could also be done. To detect the presence of the virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be performed <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>2<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since it was first identified, 400-500 outbreaks of KFDV occur per year spreading to adjacent regions of the Shimoga district. These outbreaks are seasonal, occurring mostly from January to June [[#References |[16][16]]]. The case fatality rate is about 5%. Diagnosing this virus can be achieved in early stages of the illness using PCR for molecular detection. Isolation from blood could also be done. To detect the presence of the virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be performed <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>2<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Vaccination and Prevention=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Vaccination and Prevention=</div></td></tr>
</table>Kerlly24https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118526&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Pathology and Diagnostics */2015-12-04T17:28:53Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Pathology and Diagnostics</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:28, 4 December 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Pathology and Diagnostics=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Pathology and Diagnostics=</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>KFDV has an incubation period of 3-8 days, and a rapid onset, which generally starts with chills, hemorrhagic fever, headaches, and physical weakness. During days 3-4, patients may experience myalgia (muscular pain), vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Some cases can develop hemorrhages into the skin, viscera, and mucosa, abnormally low blood pressure, and low platelets level. Previous case-control studies have found that other common clinical manifestations of patients include bleeding, conjunctival congestion, hematuria, epistaxis, and hematemesis <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>15<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>. Recovery usually happens without further complications after 1-2 weeks after symptoms appear. Nevertheless, a fraction of the patients (10-20%) experience a second phase of the disease, which consists mainly of neurological abnormalities, such as mental disturbances, tremors and vision difficulties.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>KFDV has an incubation period of 3-8 days, and a rapid onset, which generally starts with chills, hemorrhagic fever, headaches, and physical weakness. During days 3-4, patients may experience myalgia (muscular pain), vomiting, and other gastrointestinal symptoms. Some cases can develop hemorrhages into the skin, viscera, and mucosa, abnormally low blood pressure, and low platelets level. Previous case-control studies have found that other common clinical manifestations of patients include bleeding, conjunctival congestion, hematuria, epistaxis, and hematemesis <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>15<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]]</ins>. Recovery usually happens without further complications after 1-2 weeks after symptoms appear. Nevertheless, a fraction of the patients (10-20%) experience a second phase of the disease, which consists mainly of neurological abnormalities, such as mental disturbances, tremors and vision difficulties.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since it was first identified, 400-500 outbreaks of KFDV occur per year spreading to adjacent regions of the Shimoga district. These outbreaks are seasonal, occurring mostly from January to June <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(15, </del>16<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>. The case fatality rate is about 5%. Diagnosing this virus can be achieved in early stages of the illness using PCR for molecular detection. Isolation from blood could also be done. To detect the presence of the virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be performed (2).</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Since it was first identified, 400-500 outbreaks of KFDV occur per year spreading to adjacent regions of the Shimoga district. These outbreaks are seasonal, occurring mostly from January to June <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>16<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">][16]]]</ins>. The case fatality rate is about 5%. Diagnosing this virus can be achieved in early stages of the illness using PCR for molecular detection. Isolation from blood could also be done. To detect the presence of the virus, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can be performed (2).</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Vaccination and Prevention=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Vaccination and Prevention=</div></td></tr>
</table>Kerlly24https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118525&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Current Research in Related Viruses */2015-12-04T17:27:30Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Current Research in Related Viruses</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:27, 4 December 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Current Research in Related Viruses=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Current Research in Related Viruses=</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The emergence of new viruses can be attributed to recombination events and the emergence of hybrids. Efforts have been made in order to sort these viruses phylogenetically as these viruses exhibit a high mutation frequency, quickly evolving <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>18<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>. Serological evidence of viruses related to KFDV has been found from isolates in western India, Saudi Arabia, and Africa [[#References |[3][7]]]. The origins, related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World are listed in Figure 2 [[File:Phylogenetic_tree_of_related_viruses.png|options|This Figure illustrates the phylogenetic relationships of KFDV with other related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World. Permission to use this image was obtained from Professor E A Gould, author of Pathogenic flaviviruses originally published in Lancet 2008; 371: 500-09]]. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The emergence of new viruses can be attributed to recombination events and the emergence of hybrids. Efforts have been made in order to sort these viruses phylogenetically as these viruses exhibit a high mutation frequency, quickly evolving <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>18<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]]</ins>. Serological evidence of viruses related to KFDV has been found from isolates in western India, Saudi Arabia, and Africa [[#References |[3][7]]]. The origins, related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World are listed in Figure 2 [[File:Phylogenetic_tree_of_related_viruses.png|options|This Figure illustrates the phylogenetic relationships of KFDV with other related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World. Permission to use this image was obtained from Professor E A Gould, author of Pathogenic flaviviruses originally published in Lancet 2008; 371: 500-09]]. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV) is a zoonotic virus that affects mainly populations in the Arabian Peninsula. AHFV has high genetic similarity with KFDV, having an 89% sequence homology, suggesting a common ancestral origin [[#References |[19]]]. AHFV was initially isolated in 1995 from a patient in Saudi Arabia who died from this virus after having slaughtered a sheep in the city of Alkhurma. Since the first description of the virus was made, several hundreds of cases of AHFV have been reported, even in adjacent countries, such as Egypt. Transmission of this virus is not well understood yet. However, it is believed that people can become infected through a tick bite, or by contact with domestic animals or livestock. Similar to KFDV, human-to-human transmission has not yet been reported for AHFV [[#References |[19]]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV) is a zoonotic virus that affects mainly populations in the Arabian Peninsula. AHFV has high genetic similarity with KFDV, having an 89% sequence homology, suggesting a common ancestral origin [[#References |[19]]]. AHFV was initially isolated in 1995 from a patient in Saudi Arabia who died from this virus after having slaughtered a sheep in the city of Alkhurma. Since the first description of the virus was made, several hundreds of cases of AHFV have been reported, even in adjacent countries, such as Egypt. Transmission of this virus is not well understood yet. However, it is believed that people can become infected through a tick bite, or by contact with domestic animals or livestock. Similar to KFDV, human-to-human transmission has not yet been reported for AHFV [[#References |[19]]].</div></td></tr>
</table>Kerlly24https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118524&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Current Research in Related Viruses */2015-12-04T17:27:03Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Current Research in Related Viruses</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:27, 4 December 2015</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l53">Line 53:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A similar virus was isolated in China in 1989. The Nanjianyin virus was first discovered in the Yunnan province, located in the Hengduan Mountain region of China, from the serum of a 38-year-old woman. According to previous serosurveys done from 1987 to 1990, this region had previously been exposed to KFDV. In fact, healthy residents of this region, as well as resident birds, rodents and monkeys, were found to have antibodies against the KFD virus. Using primers that are specific to the Flavivirus genus viruses, the Nanjianyin virus was found to be 99% homologous to KFDV [[#References |[6]]]. A comparison was also made between the Nanjianyin virus and the AFH virus, resulting in a 90.4% similarity between the two. These results showed that the Nanjianyin virus belongs to the same virus clade as the KFD virus [[#References |[6]]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>A similar virus was isolated in China in 1989. The Nanjianyin virus was first discovered in the Yunnan province, located in the Hengduan Mountain region of China, from the serum of a 38-year-old woman. According to previous serosurveys done from 1987 to 1990, this region had previously been exposed to KFDV. In fact, healthy residents of this region, as well as resident birds, rodents and monkeys, were found to have antibodies against the KFD virus. Using primers that are specific to the Flavivirus genus viruses, the Nanjianyin virus was found to be 99% homologous to KFDV [[#References |[6]]]. A comparison was also made between the Nanjianyin virus and the AFH virus, resulting in a 90.4% similarity between the two. These results showed that the Nanjianyin virus belongs to the same virus clade as the KFD virus [[#References |[6]]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Recently, AHFV isolation in Egypt has supported previous evidence that the tick-borne encephalitic flavivirus serocomplex may have originated in Africa <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>7<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>. Little is known about the virulence and clinical implications AHFV may have on the general population, yet another reason this research is significant [[#References |[20]]].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Recently, AHFV isolation in Egypt has supported previous evidence that the tick-borne encephalitic flavivirus serocomplex may have originated in Africa <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>7<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]]</ins>. Little is known about the virulence and clinical implications AHFV may have on the general population, yet another reason this research is significant [[#References |[20]]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=References=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=References=</div></td></tr>
</table>Kerlly24https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118523&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Current Research in Related Viruses */2015-12-04T17:26:19Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Current Research in Related Viruses</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:26, 4 December 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Current Research in Related Viruses=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Current Research in Related Viruses=</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The emergence of new viruses can be attributed to recombination events and the emergence of hybrids. Efforts have been made in order to sort these viruses phylogenetically as these viruses exhibit a high mutation frequency, quickly evolving (18). Serological evidence of viruses related to KFDV has been found from isolates in western India, Saudi Arabia, and Africa [[#References |[3][7]]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</del>. The origins, related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World are listed in Figure 2. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The emergence of new viruses can be attributed to recombination events and the emergence of hybrids. Efforts have been made in order to sort these viruses phylogenetically as these viruses exhibit a high mutation frequency, quickly evolving (18). Serological evidence of viruses related to KFDV has been found from isolates in western India, Saudi Arabia, and Africa [[#References |[3][7]]]. The origins, related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World are listed in Figure 2 <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:Phylogenetic_tree_of_related_viruses.png|options|This Figure illustrates the phylogenetic relationships of KFDV with other related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World. Permission to use this image was obtained from Professor E A Gould, author of Pathogenic flaviviruses originally published in Lancet 2008; 371: 500-09]]</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV) is a zoonotic virus that affects mainly populations in the Arabian Peninsula. AHFV has high genetic similarity with KFDV, having an 89% sequence homology, suggesting a common ancestral origin <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>19<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>. AHFV was initially isolated in 1995 from a patient in Saudi Arabia who died from this virus after having slaughtered a sheep in the city of Alkhurma. Since the first description of the virus was made, several hundreds of cases of AHFV have been reported, even in adjacent countries, such as Egypt. Transmission of this virus is not well understood yet. However, it is believed that people can become infected through a tick bite, or by contact with domestic animals or livestock. Similar to KFDV, human-to-human transmission has not yet been reported for AHFV <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>19<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">).</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV) is a zoonotic virus that affects mainly populations in the Arabian Peninsula. AHFV has high genetic similarity with KFDV, having an 89% sequence homology, suggesting a common ancestral origin <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>19<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]]</ins>. AHFV was initially isolated in 1995 from a patient in Saudi Arabia who died from this virus after having slaughtered a sheep in the city of Alkhurma. Since the first description of the virus was made, several hundreds of cases of AHFV have been reported, even in adjacent countries, such as Egypt. Transmission of this virus is not well understood yet. However, it is believed that people can become infected through a tick bite, or by contact with domestic animals or livestock. Similar to KFDV, human-to-human transmission has not yet been reported for AHFV <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>19<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Not surprisingly, AHFV and KFDV have similar symptoms, although the symptoms information for AHFV is limited. Incubation period is thought to be as short as 2-4 days, with an initial presentation of flu-like symptoms followed by a second phase of neurologic and hemorrhagic symptoms. Common observations of hospitalized patients with AHFV include thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. Compared to KFD virus, AHF virus has symptoms that seem to be more associated with neurologic diseases. It also showed to have a lower mortality rate in laboratory mice, compared to the KFD virus (19)</del>. </div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A </del>similar <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">virus was isolated in China in 1989. The Nanjianyin virus was first discovered in the Yunnan province</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">located in </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Hengduan Mountain region of China</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">from the serum </del>of a <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">38-year-old woman. According to previous serosurveys done from 1987 to 1990, this region had previously been exposed to KFDV</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">In fact, healthy residents </del>of <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">this region, as well as resident birds, rodents </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">monkeys, were found </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">have antibodies against the </del>KFD virus<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Using primers that are specific to the Flavivirus genus viruses</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the Nanjianyin </del>virus <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">was found </del>to be <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">99% homologous to KFDV (6)</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A comparison was </del>also <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">made between the Nanjianyin virus and the AFH virus</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">resulting in a 90.4% similarity between the two. These results showed that the Nanjianyin virus belongs </del>to <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the same virus clade as </del>the KFD virus <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(6)</del>. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Not surprisingly, AHFV and KFDV have </ins>similar <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">symptoms</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">although </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">symptoms information for AHFV is limited. Incubation period is thought to be as short as 2-4 days</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">with an initial presentation </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">flu-like symptoms followed by </ins>a <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">second phase of neurologic and hemorrhagic symptoms</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Common observations </ins>of <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">hospitalized patients with AHFV include thrombocytopenia </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">leukopenia. Compared </ins>to KFD virus, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">AHF </ins>virus <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">has symptoms that seem </ins>to be <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">more associated with neurologic diseases</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">It </ins>also <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">showed to have a lower mortality rate in laboratory mice</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">compared </ins>to the KFD virus <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[19]]]</ins>.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Recently</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">AHFV isolation </del>in <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Egypt has supported </del>previous <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">evidence </del>that the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tick-borne encephalitic flavivirus serocomplex may have originated in Africa (7)</del>. <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Little is known about </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">virulence </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">clinical implications AHFV may have on </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">general population</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">yet another reason this research is significant </del>[[#References |[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">20</del>]]]. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A similar virus was isolated in China in 1989. The Nanjianyin virus was first discovered in the Yunnan province</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">located </ins>in <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">the Hengduan Mountain region of China, from the serum of a 38-year-old woman. According to </ins>previous <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">serosurveys done from 1987 to 1990, this region had previously been exposed to KFDV. In fact, healthy residents of this region, as well as resident birds, rodents and monkeys, were found to have antibodies against the KFD virus. Using primers </ins>that <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">are specific to the Flavivirus genus viruses, </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Nanjianyin virus was found to be 99% homologous to KFDV [[#References |[6]]]</ins>. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">A comparison was also made between </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Nanjianyin virus </ins>and the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">AFH virus</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">resulting in a 90.4% similarity between the two. These results showed that the Nanjianyin virus belongs to the same virus clade as the KFD virus </ins>[[#References |[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">6</ins>]]].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[File:Phylogenetic_tree_of_related_viruses.png|options|This Figure illustrates </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">phylogenetic relationships of KFDV with other related flaviviruses, </del>(<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as of 2008</del>)<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, including association of </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">viruses with their vectors, hosts </del>and <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">geographic distribution in either </del>the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Old World or New World. Permission to use </del>this <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">image was obtained from Professor E A Gould, author of Pathogenic flaviviruses originally published in Lancet 2008; 371: 500-09</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Recently, AHFV isolation in Egypt has supported previous evidence that </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">tick-borne encephalitic flavivirus serocomplex may have originated in Africa </ins>(<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">7</ins>)<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Little is known about </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">virulence </ins>and <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">clinical implications AHFV may have on </ins>the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">general population, yet another reason </ins>this <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">research is significant [[#References |[20]</ins>]]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=References=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=References=</div></td></tr>
</table>Kerlly24https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Kyasanur_Forest_Disease_Virus&diff=118522&oldid=prevKerlly24: /* Current Research in Related Viruses */2015-12-04T17:23:53Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Current Research in Related Viruses</span></span></p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:23, 4 December 2015</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Current Research in Related Viruses=</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>=Current Research in Related Viruses=</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The emergence of new viruses can be attributed to recombination events and the emergence of hybrids. Efforts have been made in order to sort these viruses phylogenetically as these viruses exhibit a high mutation frequency, quickly evolving (18). Serological evidence of viruses related to KFDV has been found from isolates in western India, Saudi Arabia, and Africa <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">(</del>3<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, </del>7<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">)</del>. The origins, related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World are listed in Figure 2. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The emergence of new viruses can be attributed to recombination events and the emergence of hybrids. Efforts have been made in order to sort these viruses phylogenetically as these viruses exhibit a high mutation frequency, quickly evolving (18). Serological evidence of viruses related to KFDV has been found from isolates in western India, Saudi Arabia, and Africa <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#References |[</ins>3<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">][</ins>7<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]].</ins>. The origins, related flaviviruses, (as of 2008), including association of the viruses with their vectors, hosts and geographic distribution in either the Old World or New World are listed in Figure 2. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV) is a zoonotic virus that affects mainly populations in the Arabian Peninsula. AHFV has high genetic similarity with KFDV, having an 89% sequence homology, suggesting a common ancestral origin (19). AHFV was initially isolated in 1995 from a patient in Saudi Arabia who died from this virus after having slaughtered a sheep in the city of Alkhurma. Since the first description of the virus was made, several hundreds of cases of AHFV have been reported, even in adjacent countries, such as Egypt. Transmission of this virus is not well understood yet. However, it is believed that people can become infected through a tick bite, or by contact with domestic animals or livestock. Similar to KFDV, human-to-human transmission has not yet been reported for AHFV (19).</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (AHFV) is a zoonotic virus that affects mainly populations in the Arabian Peninsula. AHFV has high genetic similarity with KFDV, having an 89% sequence homology, suggesting a common ancestral origin (19). AHFV was initially isolated in 1995 from a patient in Saudi Arabia who died from this virus after having slaughtered a sheep in the city of Alkhurma. Since the first description of the virus was made, several hundreds of cases of AHFV have been reported, even in adjacent countries, such as Egypt. Transmission of this virus is not well understood yet. However, it is believed that people can become infected through a tick bite, or by contact with domestic animals or livestock. Similar to KFDV, human-to-human transmission has not yet been reported for AHFV (19).</div></td></tr>
</table>Kerlly24