Leptotrichia buccalis: Difference between revisions

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Leptotrichia buccalis
Leptotrichia buccalis
===Description and Significance:===
===Description and Significance:===
Leptotrichia buccalis is gram negative, non-motile,bacillus.L.buccalis may well have been one of the first bacteria described and drawn by Antonj van Leeuwenhoek. The first of what is now six species identified as of 2010 within the genus Leptotrichia in human dental plaque. The six species have been further identified as having at least 60 strains, 26 of which are classified as strains of L.buccalis (6)
Leptotrichia buccalis is a gram negative, non-motile bacillus. They are anaerobic though there is some evidence of aerotolerance (4). They are mesophilic with an ideal temperature at 37˚C, and host associated with Homo sapiens. The genus can be found in the oral cavity as part of the dental flora, in the intestine, and in the genital-urinary tract. L.Buccalis is found normally only in the oral cavity though it has been found in the bloodstream of immunocompromised patients (5).
L.buccalis may well have been one of the first bacteria described and drawn by Antonj van Leeuwenhoek
L. buccalis is the first of what is now six species identified as of 2010 within the genus Leptotrichia in human dental plaque. The six species have been further identified as having at least 60 strains, 26 of which are classified as strains of L.buccalis. There are thought to be as-yet-uncultivable species also. (6).The genus may be implicated in a wide range of inflammatory disorders including endocarditis and cellulitis.It is regarded as an opportunistic pathogen, which is an organism that may be a cause of infection when local conditions create a predisposition. In the case of Leptotrichia species this involves immunocompromised patients. Leptotrichia species have been implicated in sepsis and endocarditis.
 
==References==
==References==
1 - Baird-Parkear. ,C . & Davis,. H. G. (1958):The Morphology of Leptotrichia Species: J . gen. Microbiol.: 19, 446-450
1 - Baird-Parkear. ,C . & Davis,. H. G. (1958):The Morphology of Leptotrichia Species: J . gen. Microbiol.: 19, 446-450

Revision as of 21:58, 22 April 2012

Higher order taxa

Bacteria; Fusobacteria; Fusobacteria; Fusobacteriales: Leptotrichiaceae

Taxonomy

Leptotrichia buccalis

Description and Significance:

Leptotrichia buccalis is a gram negative, non-motile bacillus. They are anaerobic though there is some evidence of aerotolerance (4). They are mesophilic with an ideal temperature at 37˚C, and host associated with Homo sapiens. The genus can be found in the oral cavity as part of the dental flora, in the intestine, and in the genital-urinary tract. L.Buccalis is found normally only in the oral cavity though it has been found in the bloodstream of immunocompromised patients (5). L.buccalis may well have been one of the first bacteria described and drawn by Antonj van Leeuwenhoek L. buccalis is the first of what is now six species identified as of 2010 within the genus Leptotrichia in human dental plaque. The six species have been further identified as having at least 60 strains, 26 of which are classified as strains of L.buccalis. There are thought to be as-yet-uncultivable species also. (6).The genus may be implicated in a wide range of inflammatory disorders including endocarditis and cellulitis.It is regarded as an opportunistic pathogen, which is an organism that may be a cause of infection when local conditions create a predisposition. In the case of Leptotrichia species this involves immunocompromised patients. Leptotrichia species have been implicated in sepsis and endocarditis.

References

1 - Baird-Parkear. ,C . & Davis,. H. G. (1958):The Morphology of Leptotrichia Species: J . gen. Microbiol.: 19, 446-450 2 - Thompson, J.& Pikis, A.: (2012): Metabolism of sugars by genetically diverse species of oral Leptotrichia : Molecular Oral Microbiology: 27 : 34–44 3 - Ivanova, N., Gronow, S., Lapidus, A., Copeland, A., Glavina Del Rio, T., Nolan, M., Lucas, S., Chen, F., Tice, H., Cheng, J., Saunders, E., Bruce, D., Goodwin, L., Brettin, T., Detter, J., Han, C., Pitluck, S., Mikhailova, N., Pati, A., Mavromatis, K., Chen, A., Palaniappan, K., Land, M., Hauser, L., Chang, Y., Jeffries, C., Chain, P., Rohde, C., Göker, M., Bristow, J., Eisen, J., Markowitz, V., Hugenholtz, P., Kyrpides, N., & Klenk, H. (2009). Complete genome sequence of Leptotrichia buccalis type strain (C-1013-bT). Standards In Genomic Sciences, 1(2), 126-132. doi:10.4056/sigs.1854 4 - Bernard,K, Cooper C., Tessier S, & Ewan E.P.: 1991: Use of Chemotaxonomy as an Aid to Differentiate among Capnocytophaga Species, CDC Group DF-3, and Aerotolerant Strains of Leptotrichia buccalis: Journal of Clinical Microbiology: Vol. 29, No. 10: p. 2263-2265

5 - Eribe, E.R.K, Olsen, I.:2008: Leptotrichia species in human infections : Anaerobe : 14, 131– 137 6 - Eribe, E.R.K., Paster, B.J, Caugant, D.A., Dewhirst, F.E., Stromberg, V.K., Lacy G.H., and Olsen I.: 2004: Genetic diversity of Leptotrichia and description of Leptotrichia goodfellowii sp. nov., Leptotrichia hofstadii sp. nov., Leptotrichia shahii sp. nov. and Leptotrichia wadei sp. nov.: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology: 54, 583–592

7 - Kononen, E., Kanervol A.,, Takala. A.,, Asikainen,S., , & Jousimies-Somerl, A.:1999: Establishment of Oral Anaerobes during the First Year of Life: Jouirnal of Dental Research: October, 1634-1639

8 - Sookkhee,S., Chulasiri,M.,. Prachyabrued,W.:2001: Lactic acid bacteria from healthy oral cavity of Thai volunteers: inhibition of oral pathogens: Journal of Applied Microbiology:90, 172±179