Methanosaeta thermophila

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Methanosaeta thermophila


● ~Classification~

            Organism Name:	Methanosaeta thermophila PT
                   Domain:	Archaea
                   Phylum:	Euryarchaeota
                    Class:	Methanomicrobia
                    Order:	Methanosarcinales
                   Family:	Methanosaetaceae
                    Genus: 	Methanosaeta
                  Species:     Methanothrix thermophila
     Genus Species Strain:     Methanosaeta thermophila PT
             Name History:	Synonyms: Methanothrix thermophila PT
                                         Methanothrix thermophila DSM 6194 
                               Equivalent names: Methanosaeta thermophila strain PT
                                                 Methanosaeta thermophila str. PT

●~Description and Significance~


            Methanosaeta thermophila are a diverse group of widely distributed anaerobic 
 archaea that inhabit anaerobic environments, such as the intestinal tracts of animals, freshwater   
and marine sediments, sewage, anaerobic biofilms, and anaerobic sediments. These archaea are  
methanogens, which means they are capable of producing methane from a limited number of substrates, 
including carbon dioxide, hydrogen, acetate, and methylamines. Methanosaeta thermophila are 
nonmotile, nonsporulating, and thermophilic, which means they thrive at temperatures of 50ºC or 
higher.
          This microbe was discovered by a molecular technique using fluorogenic PCR (polymerase
chain reaction, which amplifies DNA) to identify its methanotrophic characteristics and activity
in marine anoxic microbial communities. This was accomplished by identifying and quantifying the
mcrA genes. Following amplification, molecular analysis was performed by clone analysis of the 
16S rRNA and mcrA genes.  The mcrA genes (encoding the methyl coenzyme M reductase, specific to 
methanogenic archaea), are specific to the various phylogenetic groups of methanotropic Archaea.  
Methanosaeta thermophila was identified among the microbial communities in deep sediments and 
“methane seepages of Omine Ridge in the Nankai Trough accretionary prism,” (1).  
           The addition of Methanosaeta to the methanoarchaeal genome sequence compilation offered
an opportunity to gain significant insight into this intricate microbe and the unique use of 
comparative genomic approaches allows one to address the nature of these specific microbes and  
their biological influence and capability. Because these microbes are methanogens, they serve an 
important role as the producers of natural gas and have potential as creators of biofuels (fuels 
derived from a biomass).

●~Genome Structure~

           The Methanosaeta thermophila’s genome has been entirely sequenced.  These microbes   
possess circular chromosomes and do not contain plasmids. (The following genome sequence 
information, list, and map of the Methanosaeta thermophila chromosome was taken from eleventh 
source listed under the references section.)
        Genome Sequence: RS: NC_008553     
        Genome Sequence Length: 1879471 
        Statistics: Number of nucleotides: 1879471
                    Number of protein genes: 1696
                    Number of RNA genes: 51
        Genome Statistics

Number % of Total

             DNA, total number of bases		  100.00%
             DNA coding number of bases		
             DNA G+C number of bases		            0.00% 
             DNA scaffolds	                  0	  100.00%
             Genes total number	          0	  100.00%
             Protein coding genes	          0	    0.00%
                   RNA genes	                  0	    0.00%
                   rRNA genes	                  0	    0.00%
                       5S rRNA	                  0	    0.00%
                       16S rRNA	          0	    0.00%
                       18S rRNA	          0	    0.00%
                       23S rRNA	          0	    0.00%
                       28S rRNA	          0	    0.00%
                   tRNA genes                    0	    0.00%
                   Other RNA genes	          0	    0.00%
             Genes with function prediction      0	    0.00%
             Genes without function prediction   0	    0.00%

Genes w/o function with similarity 0 0.00%

               Genes w/o function w/o similarity 0	    0.00%
             Pseudo Genes	                  0	    0.00%
             Genes assigned to enzymes           0	    0.00%
             Genes connected to KEGG pathways	  0	    0.00%
             Genes not connected to KEGG pathway 0	    0.00%
             Genes in ortholog clusters	  0	    0.00%
             Genes in paralog clusters	          0	    0.00%
             Genes in COGs	                  0	    0.00%
             Genes in Pfam	                  0	    0.00%
             Genes in TIGRfam	                  0	    0.00%
             Genes in InterPro	                  0	    0.00%
             Genes with IMG Terms	          0	    0.00%
             Genes in IMG Pathways	          0	    0.00%
             Obsolete Genes	                  0	    0.00%
             Revised Genes	                  0	    0.00%
             Pfam clusters		                    0.00%
             Paralogous groups		                  100.00%
             Orthologous groups		            0.00%