https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&feed=atom&action=history
Pelobionta - Revision history
2024-03-28T09:51:52Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.39.6
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=54566&oldid=prev
BarichD at 15:09, 7 August 2010
2010-08-07T15:09:16Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:09, 7 August 2010</td>
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BarichD
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=5669&oldid=prev
BarichD at 18:31, 22 August 2006
2006-08-22T18:31:15Z
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:sp_2d.jpg|thumb|300px|right|''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:sp_2d.jpg|thumb|300px|right|''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server]]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| height="10" bgcolor="#FFDF95" |</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>| height="10" bgcolor="#FFDF95" |</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''NCBI: <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Info</del>&id=173726&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>Taxonomy<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''</del>]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">''' </del>Genome '''</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>'''NCBI: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Tree</ins>&id=173726&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock Taxonomy] Genome '''</div></td></tr>
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BarichD
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=5413&oldid=prev
BarichD at 19:53, 15 August 2006
2006-08-15T19:53:14Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:53, 15 August 2006</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| height="69" bgcolor="#FFDF95" |</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''NCBI:<br />'''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=173726&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock '''Taxonomy''']'''<br /> Genome '''</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:sp_2d.jpg|thumb|300px|right|''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:sp_2d.jpg|thumb|300px|right|''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server]]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'' <br />''Pelomyxa palustris''<br /> ''Pelomyxa corona''</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'' <br />''Pelomyxa palustris''<br /> ''Pelomyxa corona''</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">| height="10" bgcolor="#FFDF95" |</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''NCBI: '''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=173726&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock '''Taxonomy''']''' Genome '''</ins></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description and Significance==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description and Significance==</div></td></tr>
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BarichD
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=5186&oldid=prev
BarichD at 15:08, 14 August 2006
2006-08-14T15:08:54Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:08, 14 August 2006</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| width="50" cellpadding="5"</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{| width="50" cellpadding="5"</div></td></tr>
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BarichD
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=3912&oldid=prev
Mschlemm at 19:17, 15 June 2006
2006-06-15T19:17:52Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:17, 15 June 2006</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta reproduction incorporates both mitosis and binary fission. The nuclear membrane remains intact throughout division. Duplication produces two chromatids. Then, the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) divides, and microtubules assemble along the new MTOCs. Finally, the cells split.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta reproduction incorporates both mitosis and binary fission. The nuclear membrane remains intact throughout division. Duplication produces two chromatids. Then, the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) divides, and microtubules assemble along the new MTOCs. Finally, the cells split.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Image21.gif|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">frame</del>|center|Nuclear division in Pelobionta.[http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/armstrong/syllabi/222book/Chapt%203.htm Symbiosis and Origin of Eukaryotes ]]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:Image21.gif|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">thumb|500px</ins>|center|Nuclear division in Pelobionta.[http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/armstrong/syllabi/222book/Chapt%203.htm Symbiosis and Origin of Eukaryotes ]]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Ecology==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Ecology==</div></td></tr>
</table>
Mschlemm
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=3911&oldid=prev
Mschlemm at 19:16, 15 June 2006
2006-06-15T19:16:59Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:16, 15 June 2006</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:sp_2d.jpg<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]<br /></del>''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:sp_2d.jpg<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|thumb|300px|right|</ins>''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">]]</ins>]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Classification==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Classification==</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure and Metabolism==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure and Metabolism==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:Image21.gif]]<br /> Nuclear division in Pelobionta.[http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/armstrong/syllabi/222book/Chapt%203.htm <br /> Symbiosis and Origin of Eukaryotes ]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta do not have mitochondria. They also lack stacked dictyosomes. Pelobionta are cylindrical in shape. The species ''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'' lacks Golgi bodies. However, this does not mean that they lack structures that will perform similar functions. Dacks et. al. (2003) found genes within this species that are homologus to the retromer, coatomer and adaptin complexes, which are related to Golgi bodies. Pelobionta have non-motile flagella whose function is poorly understood; motility is based on pseudopods. The species ''Mastigamoeba schizophrenia'' has paired nuclei and basal bodies that lack triplets.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta do not have mitochondria. They also lack stacked dictyosomes. Pelobionta are cylindrical in shape. The species ''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'' lacks Golgi bodies. However, this does not mean that they lack structures that will perform similar functions. Dacks et. al. (2003) found genes within this species that are homologus to the retromer, coatomer and adaptin complexes, which are related to Golgi bodies. Pelobionta have non-motile flagella whose function is poorly understood; motility is based on pseudopods. The species ''Mastigamoeba schizophrenia'' has paired nuclei and basal bodies that lack triplets.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l33">Line 33:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta reproduction incorporates both mitosis and binary fission. The nuclear membrane remains intact throughout division. Duplication produces two chromatids. Then, the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) divides, and microtubules assemble along the new MTOCs. Finally, the cells split.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta reproduction incorporates both mitosis and binary fission. The nuclear membrane remains intact throughout division. Duplication produces two chromatids. Then, the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) divides, and microtubules assemble along the new MTOCs. Finally, the cells split.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:Image21.gif|frame|center|Nuclear division in Pelobionta.[http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/armstrong/syllabi/222book/Chapt%203.htm Symbiosis and Origin of Eukaryotes ]]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Ecology==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Ecology==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:pelomyxa.jpg|thumb|200px|right|''Pelomyxa palustris''. [http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artsep01/amoeba.html Photo by Wim van Egmond.]]]</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta form symbiotic relationships with bacteria; the bacteria serve as a substitute for mitochondira. It is believed that this lack of mitochondria is a secondary absence. There are three different relationships in ''Pelomyxa'' species. One bacteria detoxifies oxygen, one metabolizes it, and one removes cellular waste. Pelobionta are able to survive in low-oxygen environments. They are freshwater organisms, and can often be found living in mud. Geographically, Peolbionta are located in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, most commonly in North America. A few species, such as ''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'', are parasites.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pelobionta form symbiotic relationships with bacteria; the bacteria serve as a substitute for mitochondira. It is believed that this lack of mitochondria is a secondary absence. There are three different relationships in ''Pelomyxa'' species. One bacteria detoxifies oxygen, one metabolizes it, and one removes cellular waste. Pelobionta are able to survive in low-oxygen environments. They are freshwater organisms, and can often be found living in mud. Geographically, Peolbionta are located in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, most commonly in North America. A few species, such as ''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'', are parasites.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[Image:pelomyxa.jpg]]<br />''Pelomyxa palustris''. [http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artsep01/amoeba.html Photo by Wim van Egmond.]</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
</table>
Mschlemm
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pelobionta&diff=3907&oldid=prev
Mschlemm at 19:12, 15 June 2006
2006-06-15T19:12:05Z
<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{| width="50" cellpadding="5"<br />
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'''NCBI:<br />'''[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=173726&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock '''Taxonomy''']'''<br /> Genome '''<br />
|}<br />
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[[Image:sp_2d.jpg]]<br />''Mastigamoeba longfilum''. [http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server]<br />
<br />
==Classification==<br />
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===Higher order taxa===<br />
<br />
Eukaryota<br />
<br />
===Species===<br />
<br />
''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'' <br />''Pelomyxa palustris''<br /> ''Pelomyxa corona''<br />
<br />
==Description and Significance==<br />
<br />
Pelobionta, also known as karyoblasteans, are an amitochondriate amoeboflagellate group, and it has been suggested that they are early eukaryotes. However, placing Pelobionta in a phylogenetic category has proved complicated. While their cytologic features make them appear ancient, rDNA analysis does not place them on early branches. They are large amoebae. Pelobionta are free-living organisms. A new species, ''Pelomyxa corona'', was discovered in 2004 (Frolov et. al.).<br /><br />
<br />
==Genome Structure==<br />
<br />
There are multiple species withing Pelobionta, and therefore this classification has many different genome structures. For example, the small subunit ribosomal RNA of the Pelobionta species ''Pelomyxa palustris'' is exceptionally long. Analysis of rRNA in ''P. palustris'' and other species suggests that Pelobionta emerged after other protists.<br />
<br />
==Cell Structure and Metabolism==<br />
<br />
[[Image:Image21.gif]]<br /> Nuclear division in Pelobionta.[http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/armstrong/syllabi/222book/Chapt%203.htm <br /> Symbiosis and Origin of Eukaryotes ]<br />
<br />
Pelobionta do not have mitochondria. They also lack stacked dictyosomes. Pelobionta are cylindrical in shape. The species ''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'' lacks Golgi bodies. However, this does not mean that they lack structures that will perform similar functions. Dacks et. al. (2003) found genes within this species that are homologus to the retromer, coatomer and adaptin complexes, which are related to Golgi bodies. Pelobionta have non-motile flagella whose function is poorly understood; motility is based on pseudopods. The species ''Mastigamoeba schizophrenia'' has paired nuclei and basal bodies that lack triplets.<br />
<br />
Pelobionta are heterotrophs, feeding on bacteria and small protists.<br />
<br />
Pelobionta reproduction incorporates both mitosis and binary fission. The nuclear membrane remains intact throughout division. Duplication produces two chromatids. Then, the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) divides, and microtubules assemble along the new MTOCs. Finally, the cells split.<br />
<br />
==Ecology==<br />
<br />
Pelobionta form symbiotic relationships with bacteria; the bacteria serve as a substitute for mitochondira. It is believed that this lack of mitochondria is a secondary absence. There are three different relationships in ''Pelomyxa'' species. One bacteria detoxifies oxygen, one metabolizes it, and one removes cellular waste. Pelobionta are able to survive in low-oxygen environments. They are freshwater organisms, and can often be found living in mud. Geographically, Peolbionta are located in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, most commonly in North America. A few species, such as ''Mastigamoeba balamuthi'', are parasites.<br />
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[[Image:pelomyxa.jpg]]<br />''Pelomyxa palustris''. [http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artsep01/amoeba.html Photo by Wim van Egmond.]<br />
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==References==<br />
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[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11908892&query_hl=1 Arisue N, Hashimot T, Lee JA, Moore DV, Gordon P, Sensen CW, Gaasterland T, Hasegawa M, Muller M. "The phylogenetic position of the pelobiont Mastigamoeba balamuthi based on sequences of rDNA and translation elongation factors EF-1alpha and EF-2." <span title="The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology.">J Eukaryot Microbiol.</span> 2002 Jan-Feb;49(1):1-10.]<br />
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[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/99/3/1414 Bapteste, Eric et. al. "The analysis of 100 genes supports the grouping of three highly divergent amoebae: ''Dictyostelium'', ''Entamoeba'', and ''Mastigamoeba''." ''PNAS''. February 5, 2002; 99(3):1414-1419. ]<br />
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[http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/media/BN42DGTGXH3V8B0MHM2U/Contributions/1/6/2/A/162A9E80KNAY7KVQ.pdf Dacks, Joel B. et. al. "Evidence for Golgi bodies in proposed 'Golgi-lacking' lineages." ''Proceedings of the Royal Society London''. 2003;270:168-171. ]<br />
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[http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/19/6/978 Edgcomb, Virginia P. et. al. "Pelobionts are Degenerate Protists: Insights from Molecules and Morphology." ''Molecular Biology and Evolution''. 2002;19:978-982.]<br />
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[http://nai.arc.nasa.gov/year4/year4.cfm?PageAction=5&Section=11&Page=45&Proj=29 Edgcomb, Virginia P. "Project Report: Eukaryotic Origins and the Evolution of Cellular Complexity - Eukaryotic rRNA Evolution: Early Diverging Eukaryotes."]<br />
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[http://protistology.ifmo.ru/num3_4/frolov.pdf Frolov, Alexander O., Ludmila V. Chystjakova, and Andrew V. Goodkov. "A new peliobont protist ''Pelomyxa corona'' sp. n. (Peloflagellata, Peliobontida)." ''Protistology''. 2004;3(4):233-241.]<br />
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[http://www.nova.edu/ocean/messing/protozoaB.html Messing, Charles Garrett. "Protazoa" Classification.]<br />
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[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=11470518&query_hl=9 Milyutina IA, Aleshin VV, Mikrjukov KA, Kedrova OS, Petrov NB. "The unusually long small subunit ribosomal RNA gene found in amitochondriate amoeboflagellate Pelomyxa palustris: its rRNA predicted secondary structure and phylogenetic implication." <span title="Gene.">Gene.</span> 2001 Jul 11;272(1-2):131-9.]<br />
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[http://www.mbl.edu/CASSLS/PATTERSON.ABS.html Patterson, David J. Evolution: A Molecular Point of View.]<br />
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[http://tolweb.org/notes/?note_id=53 Patterson, David J. "Parasitic Protists." The Tree of Life Web Project.]<br />
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[http://protist.i.hosei.ac.jp/Protist_menuE.html Protist Information Server. ]<br />
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[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=9751740 Stiller JW, Duffield EC, Hall BD. "Amitochondriate amoebae and the evolution of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II." <span title="Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.">Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.</span> 1998 Sep 29;95(20):11769-74.]<br />
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[http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/16/9/1270 Stiller JW, Hall BD. "Long-branch attraction and the rDNA model of early eukaryotic evolution." <span title="Molecular biology and evolution.">Mol Biol Evol.</span> 1999 Sep;16(9):1270-9.]<br />
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[http://www.bio.ilstu.edu/armstrong/syllabi/222book/Chapt%203.htm Symbiosis and Origin of Eukaryotes. ]<br />
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[http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artsep01/amoeba.html van Egmond, Wim. Amoebas are more than just blobs.]<br />
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[http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/protista/basalprotists.html Waggoner, Ben. Introduction to the Basal Eukaryotes. ]</div>
Mschlemm