Prevotella Fusca
Classification
Domain: Bacteria, Phylum: Bacteroidetes, Class: Bacteroides, Order:Bacteroidales, Family: Prevotellaceae, Genus: Provotella (1)
Higher order taxa
Genus
Genus species: Prevotella Fusca
Strain
W1435
Description and significance
Summarization
“The human oral microbiome is the most studied human microflora, due to the fact that it is easily sampled and is strongly associated with important oral infectious diseases such as tooth decay and gum disease”. (2) Within the oral microbiome the microbes are characterized from the 16S rRNA gene sequence as they are used during a cloning process in hope of a clear understanding of the roles that microbiomes provide (3). There are many different speices of bacteria that are living in the oral cavity, Prevotella Fusca are among one of the species. Prevotella Fusca originates from the subgingival palaque that is located within the oral cavity (4).
Characteristics
Prevotella Fusca is a gram-negative, bacilli-shaped bacterium that appears to have a genome size of 0.8 µm wide by 1.2–6.0 µm long (4). After incubation the diameter had increased to 1.8–2.2 mm. The gram-negative bacteria are bacilli or circular shaped that consist of a high convex to pyramidal, with an off-white rough surface appearance (4). If the cells are incubated longer there is a color change to a deep orange-brown within the center of the colonies (4).
Environment
The oral cavity consists of many different habitats at which microbes are able to grow. Studies have shown 280 bacterial species that have been found on cultures with samples from the oral cavity (3). “It has been estimated that less than half of the bacterial species present in the oral cavity can be cultivated using anaerobic microbiological methods and that there are likely 500 to 700 common oral species” (3). The oral cavity can have an increased amount of microbes due to the food that enters the mouth along with the saliva and the process of digestion, resulting in all the areas that the microbe passes through (3). Prevotella Fusca is an anaerobic organism, meaning that it does not require oxygen for growth. The optimal temperature for growth was at 35oC, with good growth at 25oC, and no growth at 20oC (4). The optimum pH for growth of Prevotella Fusca was pH 7, with good growth at pH 6, and no growth at pH 8 (4). When using the antibiotic disk sensitivity test the results had shown to be resistant towards Kenamycin and Vanocomysin, however was sensitive towards colistin (4).
Cell Metabolism
Presence of Acetic Acid, Succinic acid and Lactic Acid will allow metabolism to become present in Peptone Yeast Broth with Glucose(4). Isovaleric Acid and Isobutyric Acid will produce metabolism to be present in Peptone Yeast Broth with sugars (4). “Strain W1435T gave positive reactions in the Rapid ID 32A panel for a- galactosidase, b-galactosidase, b-galactosidase 6-phosphate, a-glucosidase, b-glucosidase, b-N-acetylglucosaminidase, a-fucosidase, mannose fermentation, raffinose fermenta- tion, alkaline phosphatase, leucyl glycine arylamidase, alanine arylamidase and glutamyl glutamic acid arylami- dase. Reactions to arginine arylamidase were weak or variable depending on the batch of the kit used. Negative reactions were obtained for the remaining 15 enzymes resulting in a profile of 4717 44/502 22” (4).
Current Research
References
Edited by Samantha Sanborn, student of Rachel Larsen at the University of Southern Maine
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