Prevotella multisaccharivorax

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Classification

Higher order taxa

Bacteria; Bacteroidetes; Bacteroidia; Bacteroidales; Prevotellaceae; Prevotella [2]


Species


Prevotella multisaccharivorax

Prevotella multisaccharivorax‎. [1]

Description and Significance


Prevotella multisaccharivorax is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is typically 0.8 x 2.5-8.3 µm in size which generally appears singly or in pairs. Other characteristics of this bacterium include it being non-motile, non-spore forming, and strictly anaerobic [4]. It can be found in the human oral cavity and can cause oral diseases such as periodontitis and root caries; strain PPA20T is considered an opportunistic pathogen which is associated with these diseases [1]. Due to its oral pathogenic nature, it is a significant bacteria of medical interest.

Metabolism


P. multisaccharivorax ferments sugars including glucose, glycerol, lactose, maltose, mannitol, cellobiose, melezitose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol, sucrose, trehalose, and xylose. It also variably ferments arabinose and salicin [4]. The products of fermentation are acids; two of the significant products formed are acetic acid and succinic acid [4].

Genetic Characteristics

The genome size of P. multisaccharivorax is 3,388,644 base pairs [1]. Other genetic characteristics of this bacterium include a 2,970,483 base-pair DNA coding region and a G+C content of 48.3% [1]. The total number of genes in the genome is 2,951, with 2,876 of them functioning as protein-coding genes and 75 as RNA genes [1].

Current Research

Studies have been conducted which associate Prevotella multisaccharivorax with endodontic infections. One such study examined the prevalence of P. multisaccharivorax as well as the presence of a similar bacteria, Prevotella baroniae, and Bacteroidetes clone X083 in oral infections such as periodontitis [3]. Samples from 52 teeth that were affected by periodontitis were taken, and the results showed that P. multisaccharivorax was present in 38% of the teeth that were affected by chronic apical periodontitis [3].

References

[1] Pati, Amrita, Sabine Gronow, Megan Lu, Alla Lapidus, Matt Nolan, Susan Lucas, Nancy Hammon, Shweta Deshpande, Jan-Fang Cheng, Roxanne Tapia, Cliff Han, Lynne Goodwin, Sam Pitluck, Konstantinos Liolios, Ioanna Pagani, Konstantinos Mavromatis, Natalia Mikhailova, Marcel Huntemann, Amy Chen, Krishna Palaniappan, Miriam Land, Loren Hauser, John C. Detter, Evelyne-Marie Brambilla, Manfred Rohde, Markus Göker, Tanja Woyke, James Bristow, Jonathan A. Eisen, Victor Markowitz, Philip Hugenholtz, Nikos C. Kyrpides, Hans-Peter Klenk, and Natalia Ivanova. "Non-contiguous Finished Genome Sequence of the Opportunistic Oral Pathogen Prevotella Multisaccharivorax Type Strain (PPPA20T)." Standards in Genomic Sciences 5.1 (2011): 41-49. PubMed. Web. 5 Mar. 2014. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3236051/>.

[2] "Prevotella Multisaccharivorax DSM 17128." NCBI. U.S. National Library of Medicine, n.d. Web. 6 Mar. 2014. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=688246&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock>.

[3] Rôças, Isabela N., PhD, and José F. Siqueira, Jr. PhD. "Prevalence of New Candidate Pathogens Prevotella Baroniae, Prevotella Multisaccharivorax and As-yet-uncultivated Bacteroidetes Clone X083 in Primary Endodontic Infections." Journal of Endodontics 35.10 (2009): 1359-362. PubMed. Web. 9 Mar. 2014. <http://www.jendodon.com/article/S0099-2399(09)00509-3/abstract>.

[4] Sakamoto, M. "Prevotella Multisaccharivorax Sp. Nov., Isolated from Human Subgingival Plaque." International Journal Of Systematic And Evolutionary Microbiology 55.5 (2005): 1839-843.International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Web. 6 Mar. 2014. <http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/55/5/1839.full?sid=0db1a483-4d82-44d1-a3b0-a4cd686f7257>.


Edited by Kelsey Woodhead, student of Rachel Larsen at the University of Southern Maine