https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&feed=atom&action=historyPyrodictium abyssi - Revision history2024-03-29T12:21:51ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.39.6https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=55145&oldid=prevBarichD at 19:02, 25 August 20102010-08-25T19:02:51Z<p></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 19:02, 25 August 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{Uncurated}}</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:pyrodictium.jpg|right|300px]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:pyrodictium.jpg|right|300px]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
</table>BarichDhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53632&oldid=prevSzczep23: /* Description and Significance */2010-04-27T23:56:11Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Description and Significance</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 23:56, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l24">Line 24:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 24:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description and Significance==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description and Significance==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram negative, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic archaeon. This archaeon was first isolated in 1991 by Pley and Stetter. It was isolated from heat vents deep in the ocean called black smokers, which are formed as a result of volcanic activity deep beneath the ocean floor [8]. P. abyssi are capable of growing in temperatures ranging from 80-110oC but have maximum growth between 97-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">110oC </del>and are capable of survival in an autoclave for up to an hour. Optimally, P. abyssi thrive at a pH of 5.5 but have been found to survive anywhere from 4.7-7.1. P. abyssi are capable of growing in NaCl concentrations ranging from .7-4.2% and are strictly anaerobic [3]. This archaeon is disc shaped and approximately .3-2.5µm in diameter and are .025-.05µm thick. P. abyssi grows in an extensive 3D network composed of cells and cannulae, which are hollow, extracellular tubules with a diameter of about 25nm. The cannulae bundle together to allow multiple cells to be connected [7]. This archaeon is a chemolithoautotroph and uses Hydrogen as an electron donor and Sulfur as an electron acceptor to perform inorganic redox reactions in extreme conditions. This archaeon could prove extremely useful in industrial biotechnology because it has been found to possess enzymes such as chaperone proteins and ATP synthase which are functional at high temperatures instead of denaturing [3].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram negative, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic archaeon. This archaeon was first isolated in 1991 by Pley and Stetter. It was isolated from heat vents deep in the ocean called black smokers, which are formed as a result of volcanic activity deep beneath the ocean floor [8]. P. abyssi are capable of growing in temperatures ranging from 80-110oC but have maximum growth between 97-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">105oC </ins>and are capable of survival in an autoclave for up to an hour. Optimally, P. abyssi thrive at a pH of 5.5 but have been found to survive anywhere from 4.7-7.1. P. abyssi are capable of growing in NaCl concentrations ranging from .7-4.2% and are strictly anaerobic [3]. This archaeon is disc shaped and approximately .3-2.5µm in diameter and are .025-.05µm thick. P. abyssi grows in an extensive 3D network composed of cells and cannulae, which are hollow, extracellular tubules with a diameter of about 25nm. The cannulae bundle together to allow multiple cells to be connected [7]. This archaeon is a chemolithoautotroph and uses Hydrogen as an electron donor and Sulfur as an electron acceptor to perform inorganic redox reactions in extreme conditions. This archaeon could prove extremely useful in industrial biotechnology because it has been found to possess enzymes such as chaperone proteins and ATP synthase which are functional at high temperatures instead of denaturing [3].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td></tr>
</table>Szczep23https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53568&oldid=prevSternron: /* Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle */2010-04-27T22:40:33Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:40, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l31">Line 31:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 31:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:pyrodictium.gif|left|220px]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:pyrodictium.gif|left|220px]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram-negative bacteria that displays normal cell wall functions, but interesting features stem from the cell during cell growth. Pyrodictium abyssi grows in the form of a macroscopically visible network. It consists of cells entrapped in an extracellular matrix of hollow tubules, the <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">“cannulae”[4]</del>. One cannula penetrates the periplasmic space and the other cannula contacts the surface of the cell. This indicates that the cannulae interconnect individual cells with each other on the level of their periplasmic space, but not into cytoplasmic membrane possibly attributing to its stability.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram-negative bacteria that displays normal cell wall functions, but interesting features stem from the cell during cell growth. Pyrodictium abyssi grows in the form of a macroscopically visible network. It consists of cells entrapped in an extracellular matrix of hollow tubules, the <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">“cannulae"</ins>. One cannula penetrates the periplasmic space and the other cannula contacts the surface of the cell<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[6]</ins>. This indicates that the cannulae interconnect individual cells with each other on the level of their periplasmic space, but not into cytoplasmic membrane possibly attributing to its stability<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Although the function of the cannulae still remains unknown, the linkage by cannulae therefore could enable cells to exchange metabolites, genetic information, or signal compounds[4]</ins>. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. The membrane bound respiratory chain from H2 to sulfur generates an electrochemical proton potential, which drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis via an H+-translocating ATP synthase. Archaeal ATPase/synthases are classified as A-type ATPases[2]. The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. The known components of the ETC are a cytochrome c, two additional cytochromes, but no quinone. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. The membrane bound respiratory chain from H2 to sulfur generates an electrochemical proton potential, which drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis via an H+-translocating ATP synthase. Archaeal ATPase/synthases are classified as A-type ATPases[2]. The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. The known components of the ETC are a cytochrome c, two additional cytochromes, but no quinone. </div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53566&oldid=prevSternron: /* Description and Significance */2010-04-27T22:38:38Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Description and Significance</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:38, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l24">Line 24:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 24:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description and Significance==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Description and Significance==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram negative, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic archaeon. This archaeon was first isolated in 1991 by Pley and Stetter. It was isolated from heat vents deep in the ocean called black smokers, which are formed as a result of volcanic activity deep beneath the ocean floor [<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">7</del>]. P. abyssi are capable of growing in temperatures ranging from 80-110oC but have maximum growth between 97-110oC and are capable of survival in an autoclave for up to an hour. Optimally, P. abyssi thrive at a pH of 5.5 but have been found to survive anywhere from 4.7-7.1. P. abyssi are capable of growing in NaCl concentrations ranging from .7-4.2% and are strictly anaerobic [3]. This archaeon is disc shaped and approximately .3-2.5µm in diameter and are .025-.05µm thick. P. abyssi grows in an extensive 3D network composed of cells and cannulae, which are hollow, extracellular tubules with a diameter of about 25nm. The cannulae bundle together to allow multiple cells to be connected [<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">6</del>]. This archaeon is a chemolithoautotroph and uses Hydrogen as an electron donor and Sulfur as an electron acceptor to perform inorganic redox reactions in extreme conditions. This archaeon could prove extremely useful in industrial biotechnology because it has been found to possess enzymes such as chaperone proteins and ATP synthase which are functional at high temperatures instead of denaturing [3].</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram negative, hyperthermophilic, anaerobic archaeon. This archaeon was first isolated in 1991 by Pley and Stetter. It was isolated from heat vents deep in the ocean called black smokers, which are formed as a result of volcanic activity deep beneath the ocean floor [<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">8</ins>]. P. abyssi are capable of growing in temperatures ranging from 80-110oC but have maximum growth between 97-110oC and are capable of survival in an autoclave for up to an hour. Optimally, P. abyssi thrive at a pH of 5.5 but have been found to survive anywhere from 4.7-7.1. P. abyssi are capable of growing in NaCl concentrations ranging from .7-4.2% and are strictly anaerobic [3]. This archaeon is disc shaped and approximately .3-2.5µm in diameter and are .025-.05µm thick. P. abyssi grows in an extensive 3D network composed of cells and cannulae, which are hollow, extracellular tubules with a diameter of about 25nm. The cannulae bundle together to allow multiple cells to be connected [<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">7</ins>]. This archaeon is a chemolithoautotroph and uses Hydrogen as an electron donor and Sulfur as an electron acceptor to perform inorganic redox reactions in extreme conditions. This archaeon could prove extremely useful in industrial biotechnology because it has been found to possess enzymes such as chaperone proteins and ATP synthase which are functional at high temperatures instead of denaturing [3].</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53565&oldid=prevSternron: /* References */2010-04-27T22:38:11Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:38, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l55">Line 55:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 55:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[5] Hugler, M., Huber, H., Stetter, K., Fuchs, G. “Autotrophic CO2 Fixation Pathways in archaea (Crenarchaeota)”. Arch Microbiology. 2003. Volume 179. p. 160-173.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[5] Hugler, M., Huber, H., Stetter, K., Fuchs, G. “Autotrophic CO2 Fixation Pathways in archaea (Crenarchaeota)”. Arch Microbiology. 2003. Volume 179. p. 160-173.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[6] <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Rieger</del>, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">G., Rachel, </del>R<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">., Hermann, </del>R., <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and Stetter, K. “Ultrastructure of the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrodictium abyssi”</del>. Journal of Structural Biology<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. 1995</del>. Volume <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">115. p. 78</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">87.</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[6] <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Nickell S</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Baumeister </ins>R <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">and Reinhard </ins>R. <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">“Pyrodictium cannulae enter the periplasmic space but do not enter the cytoplasm</ins>, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">as revealed by cryo-electron tomography</ins>.<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">” </ins>Journal of Structural Biology. Volume <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">141, Issue 1, January 2003, Pages 34</ins>-<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">42</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[7] Takai, K., Komatsu, T., Inagaki, F., and Horikoshi, K. “Distribution of archaea in a black smoker chimney structure”. Applied Environmental Microbiology. 2001. Volume 67. p. 3618-3629.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[7<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">] Rieger, G., Rachel, R., Hermann, R., and Stetter, K. “Ultrastructure of the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrodictium abyssi”. Journal of Structural Biology. 1995. Volume 115. p. 78-87.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[8</ins>] Takai, K., Komatsu, T., Inagaki, F., and Horikoshi, K. “Distribution of archaea in a black smoker chimney structure”. Applied Environmental Microbiology. 2001. Volume 67. p. 3618-3629.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Author==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Author==</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53398&oldid=prevSternron: /* References */2010-04-27T15:32:49Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">References</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:32, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l44">Line 44:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 44:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==References==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1] Baumann C, Judex M, Huber H, Wirth R. “Estimation of genome sizes of hyperthermophiles.” Extremophiles. 1998 May;2(2)<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">:</del>101-8.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[1] Baumann C, Judex M, Huber H, Wirth R. “Estimation of genome sizes of hyperthermophiles.” Extremophiles. 1998 May;2(2)<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">p. </ins>101-8.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[2] Dirmeier R, Hauska G and Stetter K. “ATP synthesis at 100°C by an ATPase purified from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrodictium abyssi.” Febs Letters Volume 467, Issue 1, <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4 February 2000, Pages </del>101-104 </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[2] Dirmeier R, Hauska G and Stetter K. “ATP synthesis at 100°C by an ATPase purified from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrodictium abyssi.” Febs Letters<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. 4 February 2000, </ins>Volume 467, Issue 1, <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">p. </ins>101-104<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. </ins> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[3] Egorova, K., and Antranikian, G. “Industrial relevance of thermophilic Archaea”. Current Opinion in Microbiology. 2005. Volume 8. p. </div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[3] Egorova, K., and Antranikian, G. “Industrial relevance of thermophilic Archaea”. Current Opinion in Microbiology. 2005. Volume 8. p. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>649-655.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>649-655.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[4] Horn C, Paulmann B, Kerlen G, Junker N, and Huber H. “In Vivo Observation of Cell Division of Anaerobic Hyperthermophiles by Using a High-Intensity Dark-Field Microscope.” Journal of Bacteriology, August 1999<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, p. 5114-5118</del>, Vol. 181, No. 16 </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[4] Horn C, Paulmann B, Kerlen G, Junker N, and Huber H. “In Vivo Observation of Cell Division of Anaerobic Hyperthermophiles by Using a High-Intensity Dark-Field Microscope.” Journal of Bacteriology, August 1999, Vol. 181, No. 16<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">, p. 5114-5118. </ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[5] Hugler, M., Huber, H., Stetter, K., Fuchs, G. “Autotrophic CO2 Fixation Pathways in archaea (Crenarchaeota)”. Arch Microbiology. 2003. Volume 179. p. 160-173.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[5] Hugler, M., Huber, H., Stetter, K., Fuchs, G. “Autotrophic CO2 Fixation Pathways in archaea (Crenarchaeota)”. Arch Microbiology. 2003. Volume 179. p. 160-173.</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53395&oldid=prevSternron: /* Genome Structure */2010-04-27T15:23:54Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Genome Structure</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:23, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l27">Line 27:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 27:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The genome has not yet been sequenced, but using relationships between various hyperthermophiles with respect to their size, their structural organization and their phylogenetic relationship based on the content of the respectetive 16rDNA genes it is determined the entire genome of pyrodictium abyssi is a single circular chromosome and approximately 1.6Mb<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</del>[1] It is very similar to [http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Hyperthermus_butylicus Hyperthermus butylicus] (97% sequence coverage) and Pyrodictium occultum (96% sequence coverage), which is another sulfur reducing hyperthermophile belonging to the same genus. Both BLAST hits had E-values of 0 meaning there is essentially a zero chance to find a score as good.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The genome has not yet been sequenced, but using relationships between various hyperthermophiles with respect to their size, their structural organization and their phylogenetic relationship based on the content of the respectetive 16rDNA genes it is determined the entire genome of pyrodictium abyssi is a single circular chromosome and approximately 1.6Mb[1]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. </ins>It is very similar to [http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Hyperthermus_butylicus Hyperthermus butylicus] (97% sequence coverage) and Pyrodictium occultum (96% sequence coverage), which is another sulfur reducing hyperthermophile belonging to the same genus. Both BLAST hits had E-values of 0 meaning there is essentially a zero chance to find a score as good.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53394&oldid=prevSternron: /* Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle */2010-04-27T15:23:36Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:23, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l33">Line 33:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 33:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram-negative bacteria that displays normal cell wall functions, but interesting features stem from the cell during cell growth. Pyrodictium abyssi grows in the form of a macroscopically visible network. It consists of cells entrapped in an extracellular matrix of hollow tubules, the “cannulae”[4]. One cannula penetrates the periplasmic space and the other cannula contacts the surface of the cell. This indicates that the cannulae interconnect individual cells with each other on the level of their periplasmic space, but not into cytoplasmic membrane possibly attributing to its stability.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram-negative bacteria that displays normal cell wall functions, but interesting features stem from the cell during cell growth. Pyrodictium abyssi grows in the form of a macroscopically visible network. It consists of cells entrapped in an extracellular matrix of hollow tubules, the “cannulae”[4]. One cannula penetrates the periplasmic space and the other cannula contacts the surface of the cell. This indicates that the cannulae interconnect individual cells with each other on the level of their periplasmic space, but not into cytoplasmic membrane possibly attributing to its stability.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. The membrane bound respiratory chain from H2 to sulfur generates an electrochemical proton potential, which drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis via an H+-translocating ATP synthase. Archaeal ATPase/synthases are classified as A-type ATPases<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">.</del>[2]The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. The known components of the ETC are a cytochrome c, two additional cytochromes, but no quinone. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. The membrane bound respiratory chain from H2 to sulfur generates an electrochemical proton potential, which drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis via an H+-translocating ATP synthase. Archaeal ATPase/synthases are classified as A-type ATPases[2]<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. </ins>The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. The known components of the ETC are a cytochrome c, two additional cytochromes, but no quinone. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The only by-product found was Hydrogen sulfide, which can be beneficial to environments and ecosystems, but due to the isolation of Pyrodictium abyssi this production is probably irrelevant.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The only by-product found was Hydrogen sulfide, which can be beneficial to environments and ecosystems, but due to the isolation of Pyrodictium abyssi this production is probably irrelevant.</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53393&oldid=prevSternron: /* Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle */2010-04-27T15:21:27Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:21, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l31">Line 31:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 31:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:pyrodictium.gif|left|220px]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Image:pyrodictium.gif|left|220px]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram-negative bacteria that displays normal cell wall functions, but interesting features stem from the cell during cell growth. Pyrodictium abyssi grows in the form of a macroscopically visible network. It consists of cells entrapped in an extracellular matrix of hollow tubules, the “cannulae”[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">x</del>]. One cannula penetrates the periplasmic space and the other cannula contacts the surface of the cell. This indicates that the cannulae interconnect individual cells with each other on the level of their periplasmic space, but not into cytoplasmic membrane possibly attributing to its stability.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a gram-negative bacteria that displays normal cell wall functions, but interesting features stem from the cell during cell growth. Pyrodictium abyssi grows in the form of a macroscopically visible network. It consists of cells entrapped in an extracellular matrix of hollow tubules, the “cannulae”[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">4</ins>]. One cannula penetrates the periplasmic space and the other cannula contacts the surface of the cell. This indicates that the cannulae interconnect individual cells with each other on the level of their periplasmic space, but not into cytoplasmic membrane possibly attributing to its stability.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. The membrane bound respiratory chain from H2 to sulfur generates an electrochemical proton potential, which drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis via an H+-translocating ATP synthase. Archaeal ATPase/synthases are classified as A-type ATPases.[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">x</del>]The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. The known components of the ETC are a cytochrome c, two additional cytochromes, but no quinone. </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Pyrodictium abyssi is a chemolithiautotroph that gains energy from sulfur respiration utilizing hydrogen as an electron donor. The membrane bound respiratory chain from H2 to sulfur generates an electrochemical proton potential, which drives chemiosmotic ATP synthesis via an H+-translocating ATP synthase. Archaeal ATPase/synthases are classified as A-type ATPases.[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">2</ins>]The membrane bound sulfur reducing complex is also comprised of nine major polypeptides including a hydrogenase, sulfur reductase, an electron-transport chain. The known components of the ETC are a cytochrome c, two additional cytochromes, but no quinone. </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The only by-product found was Hydrogen sulfide, which can be beneficial to environments and ecosystems, but due to the isolation of Pyrodictium abyssi this production is probably irrelevant.</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The only by-product found was Hydrogen sulfide, which can be beneficial to environments and ecosystems, but due to the isolation of Pyrodictium abyssi this production is probably irrelevant.</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternronhttps://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php?title=Pyrodictium_abyssi&diff=53392&oldid=prevSternron: /* Genome Structure */2010-04-27T15:20:57Z<p><span dir="auto"><span class="autocomment">Genome Structure</span></span></p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:20, 27 April 2010</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l27">Line 27:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 27:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Genome Structure==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The genome has not yet been sequenced, but using relationships between various hyperthermophiles with respect to their size, their structural organization and their phylogenetic relationship based on the content of the respectetive 16rDNA genes it is determined the entire genome of pyrodictium abyssi is a single circular chromosome and approximately 1.6Mb.[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">x</del>] It is very similar to [http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Hyperthermus_butylicus Hyperthermus butylicus] (97% sequence coverage) and Pyrodictium occultum (96% sequence coverage), which is another sulfur reducing hyperthermophile belonging to the same genus. Both BLAST hits had E-values of 0 meaning there is essentially a zero chance to find a score as good.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>The genome has not yet been sequenced, but using relationships between various hyperthermophiles with respect to their size, their structural organization and their phylogenetic relationship based on the content of the respectetive 16rDNA genes it is determined the entire genome of pyrodictium abyssi is a single circular chromosome and approximately 1.6Mb.[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">1</ins>] It is very similar to [http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Hyperthermus_butylicus Hyperthermus butylicus] (97% sequence coverage) and Pyrodictium occultum (96% sequence coverage), which is another sulfur reducing hyperthermophile belonging to the same genus. Both BLAST hits had E-values of 0 meaning there is essentially a zero chance to find a score as good.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br/></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==</div></td></tr>
</table>Sternron