Salmonella Typhimurium BRD509

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Classification

cellular organisms; Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Enterobacteriales; Enterobacteriaceae [1]

Genus Species

Salmonella enterica; subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, strain BRD509 [1]

Colonies of pathogenic bacteria growing on an agar culture plate - Salmonella enterica (serovar typhimurium)

Description and Significance

Give a brief description of the microorganism and explain why you think it is important. How does it relate to the other organisms in its phylum (bacteria and fungi) or group (archaea, virus, protist). Use the following for each reference in text (change number accordingly)--> [1]

Salmonella Typhimurium, along with all bacteria of the genus Salmonella, are gram-negative, rod-shaped (bacillus), and facultatively anaerobic bacteria that are within the family Enterobacteriaceae.

Structure, Metabolism, and Life Cycle

Interesting features of its structure; how it gains energy (how it replicates, if virus); what important molecules it produces (if any), does it have an interesting life cycle?

Ecology and Pathogenesis

Natural habitat (soil, water, commensal of humans or animals?)
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, or plant hosts? Important virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.

Salmonella Typhimurium, much like all other species of the genus Salmonella, naturally live within the gastrointestinal system of both animals and humans. More specifically Salmonella thrives within the intestinal tract as it is not made to withstand the high acidity of the stomach.

The pathogenesis of Salmonella is begins when contact with contaminated food or water occurs. Contamination occurs through contact of fecal matter with the food or water source and can occur through a lack of proper hygiene of an infected individual or it is also possible for insects, primarily flys, to play a role in contamination as they move from contaminated fecal matter to a food source. After entering into the host and making passing into the intestinal tract the bacteria will colonize the intestines, and then work to enter dendritic cells, enterocytes and M cells (microfold cells) along the intestinal epithelium. This process of entering into the host cells makes use of a series of a type III secretion system as well as having many PAMPS (pathogen associated molecular patterns) the the host cell will detect and attempt to phagocytosis the Salmonella. However, the Salmonella creates a barrier preventing it from being broken down called the Salmonella containing vacuole, allowing the Salmonella to be carried to lymph tissues such as the lymph nodes as well as the spleen.

References

[1] EXAMPLE ONLY. REPLACE WITH YOUR REFERENCES. Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. 2000. "Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 50: 489-500. http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/489

Author

Page authored by Joshua McCarra, student of Mandy Brosnahan, Instructor at the University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, MICB 3301/3303: Biology of Microorganisms.