Sulfurimonas denitrificans

From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource

A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Sulfurimonas denitrificans

Thiomicrospira Denitrificans

Classification

Kingdom: Bacteria

Intermediate rank1: Proteobacteria

Intermediate Rank 2: Epsilonproteobacteria

Intermediate Rank 3: Campylobacterales

Intermediate Rank 4: Helicobacteraceae

Genus: Thiomicrospira

Species: denitrificans

Thiomicrospira, a group which originally included all marine, spiral-shaped sulfur oxidizing bacteria. Subsequent analyses of 16S rDNA sequences have revealed the polyphyletic nature of this group; members of Thiomicrospira are distributed among the gamma and epsilon subdivisions of the Proteobacteria. All Thiomicrospira species characterized to date are obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacteria that use sulfide, thiosulfate, and elemental sulfur as electron donors, and CO2 as their carbon source.

Reclassification Reports

Thiomicrospira denitrificans ATCC 33889 has been reclassified as Sulfurimonas denitrificans DSM 1251 (ATCC 33889)(Takai et al., 2006).

Description and Significance

Genome Structure

The genome of Sulfurimonas denitrificans DSM1251 was sequenced. This genome has many features, including a larger size (2.2 Mbp), that suggest a greater degree of metabolic versatility or responsiveness to the environment than seen for most of the other sequenced epsilonproteobacteria. A branched electron transport chain is apparent, with genes encoding complexes for the oxidation of hydrogen, reduced sulfur compounds, and formate and the reduction of nitrate and oxygen. Genes are present for a complete, autotrophic reductive citric acid cycle. Many genes are present that could facilitate growth in the spatially and temporally heterogeneous sediment habitat from where Sulfurimonas denitrificans was originally isolated. Many resistance-nodulation-development family transporter genes (10 total) are present; of these, several are predicted to encode heavy metal efflux transporters. An elaborate arsenal of sensory and regulatory protein-encoding genes is in place, as are genes necessary to prevent and respond to oxidative stress (Sievert SM et al., 2008).

Cell Structure and Metabolism

Ecology

References

1. TAKAI (K.), SUZUKI (M.), NAKAGAWA (S.), MIYAZAKI (M.), SUZUKI (Y.), INAGAKI (F.) and HORIKOSHI (K.): Sulfurimonas paralvinellae sp. nov., a novel mesophilic, hydrogen- and sulfur-oxidizing chemolithoautotroph within the Epsilonproteobacteria isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent polychaete nest, reclassification of Thiomicrospira denitrificans as Sulfurimonas denitrificans comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Sulfurimonas. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2006, 56, 1725-1733.

2. Sievert, S.M., Scott, K.M., Klotz, M.G., Chain, P.S., Hauser, L.J., Hemp, J., Hugler, M., Land, M., Lapidus, A., Larimer, F.W., Lucas, S., Malfatti, S.A., Meyer, F., Paulsen, I.T., Ren, Q., Simon, J., and the USF Genomics Class: "Genome of the Epsilonproteobacterial chemolithoautotroph Sulfurimonas denitrificans." Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (2008) 74:1145-1156.