The Lung Microbiome and its Correspondence with Asthma

Introduction

The gut microbiome, an abundant microbial community that houses more than 1000 bacterial species, is a highly researched and reviewed topic. However, in recent years, scientists have begun to study areas in the body where other microbiomes exist, like the lungs. Researchers have discovered that the lung microbiome, a microbial community in the lower respiratory tract, is 1) matured and 2) metabolically active. The lung microbiome in its entirety consists of its microorganisms (bacteria, archea, eukaryotes, viruses), their genes, and the external environmental conditions of the lungs. In comparison to other microbial communities, the lung microbiome is modest in size, and provides some difficulties when attempting to retrieve samples. In its specific relation to asthma, the most commonplace chronic respiratory disease, the lung microbiome effects both the endotypes and phenotypes of asthma. An infection of a host body is usually followed by an increase in Gammaproteobacteria, which includes gram-negative bacteria that can resistance certain antibiotics and releases molecules in the lungs that trigger inflammation. When the body experiences inflammation, it increaases the amount of blood flow and mucus, which is nutrients for gammaproteobacteria. Therefore, gammeaproteobacteria increases reproduction as the environmental conditions of inflammation increase, causing a cyclical inflammatory mechanism

Bacterial composition of the lung microbiome.[1].

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Section 1 Genetics

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Section 2 Microbiome

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Conclusion

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References

Edited by Margo Moceyunas, student of Joan Slonczewski for BIOL 116 Information in Living Systems, 2020, Kenyon College.