The Outbreak of Canine Parvovirus in North America

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Photographic print of Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2) viral capsid model. Courtesy of University of Wisconsin-Madison [2].


By Gwen Tosaris

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Photographic print of Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2) viral capsid model. Courtesy of University of Wisconsin-Madison [3].


The Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a single-stranded DNA virus, non-enveloped, that leads to the deadly enteric infection of canines via direct contact. This highly contagious pathogen has the ability to spread within 3 to 7 days to dogs in close vicinities. CPV outbreaks have been noted globally in several places with no previous reports. The outbreak of this virus in Alaska of 2016 leads to the question of how the discovery and prevention of the deadly disease may aid in the further prevention and treatment of this disease in North America. [1]
Sample citations: [2] [3]

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Structure and Significance

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Symptoms and Mode of Transmission

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Drawing of microscopic epithelial cell in the gastrointestinal tract. Crypt intestinal gland involved in reproduction of new cells that migrate upward from the gland into the lumen. [4].

New Developments in CPV-2

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Virus isolation shown without and without (+/-) VN antibodies. Feline subjects inoculated with reference FPLV, CPV-2a and CPV-2c. Blood samples taken at the time of inoculation.[5].

Diagnosis, Treatment and Immunization

Outbreaks in St. Kitts and Alaska

VP2 gene location sequencing alignment of two dog communities, Parvo6 and Parvo9. Parvo6 and Parvo9 chosen to compare with reference VP2 amino acid structure. Analysis of 18 amino acids at each subtype revealed similarities between the two communities with canine parvovirus. 426aa position determines variability of CPV virus. [6].

Public Health and Conclusion

References

  1. [1] Parker, J. and Murphy, M. "Investigation of a Canine Parvovirus Outbreak using Next Generation Sequencing." 2017. Scientific Reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10254-9
  2. Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.
  3. Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.



Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2018, Kenyon College.