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The genus Veillonella was first described back in 1898 by Veillon and Zuber, and the name Veillonella was proposed in 1933 by Prevot. It is an anaerobic, nonsporulating, non-motile gram-negative cocci and has been cultured from humans. (http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/1/361.full.pdf+html)
The genus Veillonella was first described back in 1898 by Veillon and Zuber, and the name Veillonella was proposed in 1933 by Prevot. It is an anaerobic, nonsporulating, non-motile gram-negative cocci and has been cultured from humans. (http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/1/361.full.pdf+html)
Veillonella are strictly anaerobic, gram-negative cocci. They are commonly found in dental plaque, but have been isolated from most surfaces of the oral cavity.  
Veillonella are strictly anaerobic, gram-negative cocci. They are commonly found in dental plaque, but have been isolated from most surfaces of the oral cavity.  
The genus cannot metabolize carbohydrates because they lack glucokinase and fructokinase. Instead it
The genus cannot metabolize carbohydrates because they lack glucokinase and fructokinase. Instead it is able to  utilize short-chain organic acids, especially lactate as energy sources.
 
Important to study the organism?


==Genome structure==
==Genome structure==
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Cell wall, biofilm formation, motility, metabolic functions.  
Cell wall, biofilm formation, motility, metabolic functions.  


Veillonellae is able to utilize short-chain organic acids, especially lactate for growth. Vellionallea is often found in dual-species dental biofilm, the other species often being streptococci. When streptococci is growing on sugars it produces lactate, which Veillonellea then can utilize. (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00262.x/full)
Veillonellae is able to utilize short-chain organic acids, especially lactate for growth. Vellionallae is often found in dual-species dental biofilm, the other species often being streptococci. When streptococci is growing on sugars it produces lactate, which Veillonellea then can utilize. (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00262.x/full)


==Ecology==
==Ecology==


Aerobe/anaerobe, habitat (location in the oral cavity, potential other environments) and microbe/host interactions.
Aerobe/anaerobe, habitat (location in the oral cavity, potential other environments) and microbe/host interactions.
Vellionellae have quite important functions regarding the ecology of dental plaque since they are able to reduce lactic acid to weaker acids. Lactic acid is involved in breaking down the enamel, and is the strongest acid produced in quantity by oral bacteria.


==Pathology==
==Pathology==


Do these microorganisms cause disease in the oral cavity or elsewhere?  
Do these microorganisms cause disease in the oral cavity or elsewhere?  
Veillonella Parvula


==Application to biotechnology==
==Application to biotechnology==

Revision as of 05:52, 22 September 2016

Name Christoffer Vinther Soerensen Bench ID E Date 31/8 [1]


Organism: Veillonella parvula


Classification

Higher order taxa

Bacteria; Firmicutes; Clostridia; Clostridiales; Veillonellaceae

Species

Species name and type strain (consult LPSN http://www.bacterio.net/index.html for this information)

Veillonella parvula

Description and significance

Give a general description of the species (e.g. where/when was it first discovered, where is it commonly found, has it been cultured, functional role, type of bacterium [Gram+/-], morphology, etc.) and explain why it is important to study this microorganism. Examples of citations [1], [2]

The genus Veillonella was first described back in 1898 by Veillon and Zuber, and the name Veillonella was proposed in 1933 by Prevot. It is an anaerobic, nonsporulating, non-motile gram-negative cocci and has been cultured from humans. (http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/1/361.full.pdf+html) Veillonella are strictly anaerobic, gram-negative cocci. They are commonly found in dental plaque, but have been isolated from most surfaces of the oral cavity. The genus cannot metabolize carbohydrates because they lack glucokinase and fructokinase. Instead it is able to utilize short-chain organic acids, especially lactate as energy sources.

Important to study the organism?

Genome structure

Select a strain for which genome information (e.g. size, plasmids, distinct genes, etc.) is available.

Cell structure and metabolism

Cell wall, biofilm formation, motility, metabolic functions.

Veillonellae is able to utilize short-chain organic acids, especially lactate for growth. Vellionallae is often found in dual-species dental biofilm, the other species often being streptococci. When streptococci is growing on sugars it produces lactate, which Veillonellea then can utilize. (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00262.x/full)

Ecology

Aerobe/anaerobe, habitat (location in the oral cavity, potential other environments) and microbe/host interactions.

Vellionellae have quite important functions regarding the ecology of dental plaque since they are able to reduce lactic acid to weaker acids. Lactic acid is involved in breaking down the enamel, and is the strongest acid produced in quantity by oral bacteria.

Pathology

Do these microorganisms cause disease in the oral cavity or elsewhere?

Application to biotechnology

Bioengineering, biotechnologically relevant enzyme/compound production, drug targets,…

Current research

Summarise some of the most recent discoveries regarding this species.

References

References examples

1. Sahm, K., MacGregor, B.J., Jørgensen, B.B., and Stahl, D.A. (1999) Sulphate reduction and vertical distribution of sulphate-reducing bacteria quantified by rRNA slotblot hybridization in a coastal marine sediment. Environ Microbiol 1: 65-74.

2. Human Oral Microbiome

  1. MICR3004

This page is written by Christoffer Vinther Soerensen for the MICR3004 course, Semester 2, 2016