User:Using Yeast to Convert Carbon Dioxide Gas to Carbonates For Building Materials

From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource

Carbon Cycle

Colored Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) of a colony of yeast cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. http://www.psmicrographs.co.uk/baker-s-yeast--saccharomyces-cerevisiae-/science-image/12110



There are many carbon reservoirs in the environment, but one of particular concern is CO2 which is found in the atmosphere. Although the amount of carbon found in the atmosphere in the form of CO2 is much less than that found in the reservoirs found in the ocean or in land, the burning of fossil fuels has increased the balance of atmospheric CO2. Also, although the ocean acts as a buffer by absorbing some excess CO2, atmospheric CO2 “continues to increase at a rate of about 1% per year” (Slonczewski & Foster, p 833). This is problematic because CO2 is a greenhouse gas and this means it can absorb solar radiation and thereby heat up the atmosphere. Therefore, CO2 is contributing to gradual global warming. (Slonczewski & Foster, p 833) Humans have altered the balance of atmospheric CO2 in the environment. Industrial activities have increases the amount of CO2 release globally due largely to the burning of fossil fuels, which are hydrocarbons formed from the organic remains of prehistoric plants and animals that when burned release CO2 as a byproduct (Slonczewski & Foster, p 834). Additionally, deforestation contributes largely to increasing atmospheric CO2 content due to burning wood and especially due to microbial decomposition of chopped down trees (Slonczewski & Foster, p834).





Section 1


Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Outlining the Carbon Storage Program in the United States. http://fossil.energy.gov/programs/sequestration/overview.html


Section 2


Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

A specific form of carbon sequestration outlined. Mg2SiO4 (Olivin) + 2CO2 -> SiO2 + 2MgCO3http://www.esc.ethz.ch/research/efficientconversion/cotwo/co2projects


Section 3


Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.


A yeast artificial cloning system in a plasmid allowing for recombinational targeted cloning of a gene. The DNA flanking the gene(s) of interest is from a linearized plasmid that contain targeting segments that are homologous to the termini of the DNA segment that is to be cloned. http://www.microbio.uab.edu/bedwell/Lectures/reading.pdf

Conclusion


Overall paper length should be 3,000 words, with at least 3 figures.

References

[Sample reference] Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. "Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2000. Volume 50. p. 489-500.

Edited by student of Joan Slonczewski for BIOL 238 Microbiology, 2009, Kenyon College.