Nematocida parisii

Introduction to Microsporidia

The process of polar tube eversion during spore germination in microsporidia.
A) Shows a dormant spore containing a polar filament (black), nucleus (gray), polaroplast and posterior vacuole.
B) The posterior vacuole swells with water and ruptures the anchoring disk, allowing the polar filament to emerge through through spore cell wall.
C) Polar filament continues to to outward and evert.
D) Polar filament is fully everted and becomes a polar tube. Sporoplasm is squeezed into the polar tube.
E) Sporoplasm is moving through the polar tube.
F) Entire sporoplasm emerges from the polar tube while bound to the new membrane

Image source: http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.micro.56.012302.160854 [1]

At right is a sample image insertion. It works for any image uploaded anywhere to MicrobeWiki. The insertion code consists of:
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Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
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Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
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Other examples:
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Superscript: Fe³⁺

Background on Nematocida parisii

Pathogenesis of various microsporidia including Nematocida parisii.

Image source: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000005&representation=PDF [3]

Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Cell shape and Metabolism

Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Current Research on N. parisii

Include some current research in each topic, with at least one figure showing data.

Comparison of infection in wild-type and pmk-1 mutant an in different.
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Image Source: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.0060309&representation=PDF[4]

Conclusion

Overall paper length should be 3,000 words, with at least 3 figures.

References

[1] Keeling, P.J. and Fast, N.M. "Microsporidia: Biology and Evolution of Highly Reduced Intracellular Parasites". "Annual Review Microbiology". 2002. Volume 56. p. 93-116.

[2] Xu, Y. and Weiss, L.M. "The Microsporidian Polar Tube: A Highly Specialized Invasion Organelle". "Int. K. Parasitol." 2011. Volume 35 Issue 9. p. 941-953.

[3] Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans Meets Microsporidia: The Nematode Killers from Paris". "PLoS Biology". 2008. Volume 6 Issue 12. p. 2634-2637.

[4]Cuomo, C.A., Desjardins, C.A., Bakowski, M.A., Goldberg, J., Ma, A.T., Becnel, J.J., Didier, E.S., Fan, L., Heiman, D.I., Levin, J.Z., Young, S., Zheng, Q., and Troemel, E.R. "Microsporidian Genome Analysis Reveals Evolutionary Strategies for Obligate Intracellular Growth". "Genome Research". 2012. Volume 22. p. 2478-2488.

[5] Tromel, E.R., Felix, M., Whiteman, N.K., Barriere, A., and Ausubel, F.M. "Microsporidia are Natural Intracellular Parasites of the Nematoda Caenorhabditis elegans"."PLoS". 2008. Volume 6 Issue 12. p. 2736-2752.

[6] Ardila-Garcia, A.M. and Fast, N.M. "Microsporidian Infection in a Free-Living Marine Nematode". "ASM Eurkaryotic Cell". 2012. Volume 11 Issue 12. p. 1544-1551.

[7] Estes, K.A., Szumowski, S.C., and Troemel, E.R. "Non-Lytic, Actin-Based Exit of Intracellular Parasites from C. elegans Intestinal Cells". "PLoS Pathogens". 2011. Volume 7 Issue 9. p. 1-16.

[8] Moretto, M.M., Khan, I.A., and Weiss, L.M. "Gastrointestinal Cell Mediated Immunity and the Microsporidia". "PLoS Pathogens". 2012. Volume 8 Issue 7. p. 1-4.

Edited by student of Joan Slonczewski for BIOL 238 Microbiology, 2014, Kenyon College.