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...olored cells, the color mainly being due to the presence of C₅₀ carotenoids which its organic pigments that found in photosynthetic organisms.<sup>[[#R ...ther species of the genus <I>Haloferax</I>, however, the non polar lipids (carotenoids) were clearly noticeable to be different.^{[[#References|[1]]]} The

...'' the ability of growing phototrophically under anaerobic conditions. The carotenoids display the smooth red orange color of this species. There is not sure whet ...r'', the ''Erythrobacter litoralis'' has Zeaxanthin as major a carotenoid. Carotenoids bacteriorubixanthinal and erythroxanthin sulfate display a reddish color in

...ess it was promised that this bacterium would lead to the discovery of new carotenoids. [Takaichi et al.] ...uences. With that they were able to propose a biosynthetic pathway for the carotenoids, as well as, the genes and enzymes needed for it. They also discovered that

...ess it was promised that this bacterium would lead to the discovery of new carotenoids. [Takaichi et al.] ...uences. With that they were able to propose a biosynthetic pathway for the carotenoids, as well as, the genes and enzymes needed for it. They also discovered that

...nin, which is blue in color. These bacteria also contain chlorophyll a and carotenoids. Some contain the pigment phycoythrin, giving the bacteria a red or pink co ...roved to treat symptoms of radiation sickness after Chernobyl, because the carotenoids they contain absorb radiation. Evidence shows that it is capable of stoppin

...vesting complexes called chlorosomes that contain bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids. ''Chlorobium'' grows in dense mats over hot springs as well as in other wa ...chlorosome, which consists of highly aggregated bacteriochlorophyll c and carotenoids surrounded by a lipid-protein envelope. This ovoid structure is different f

...gregated light-harvesting centers, including bacteriochlorophyll ''c'' and carotenoids that are surrounded by a protein-stabilized galactolipid monolayer that lie ...lorosomes as well as the biosynthetic pathways of bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids. (4)

.... radiotolerans'' are smooth, opaque, and contain pinkish to red pigmented carotenoids. The major pigmented components are bacterioruberin and monoanhydrobacterio ...ation seems to result from a combination of several mechanisms. Within its carotenoids, the components deinoxanthin and bacterioruberin are attributed to radiatio

...ure, microbes produce bright colours such as green (chlorophylls) and red (carotenoids). Depending on the amount of sunlight, the temperature of the water changes ...and other bacteria to establish a microbial ecosystem. They mainly produce carotenoids.[[#References|[11]]]

...hl ''a'' synthesis (Yurkov et al). Due to the presence of large amounts of carotenoids, ''Erythromicrobium'' has a smooth red-orange color. Recent discoveries of

...ensitive to strong light and a photoautotroph that contains chlorophyll a, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of ''Gloeobacter v ...commonly found in tomatoes. It is also one of a family of pigments called carotenoids. This study is one of the first demonstrations of an oxygenic photosyntheti

...s anoxygenic phototrophs (Denner ''et al''). It contains a large amount of carotenoids, which is responsible for its smooth red-orange color (Koblizek ''et al'').

...an perform anoxygenic photosynthesis and contain bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of spirilloxanthin group.

...d membrane lipids found solely in archaea and also contain a high level of carotenoids including lycopene, which gives them their distinctive red colour.

4) Extraction of carotenoids ...occurring compounds found in photosynthetic bacteria. Studies found that carotenoids having antioxidant activity and provitamin A function are able to inhibit v

...wo light-harvesting antennae complexes and a reaction center. They contain carotenoids which absorb light in addition to preventing photodamage, the main caroteno

...rent when the cells are present in sufficient concentrations. One of these carotenoids, 3′,4′-epoxymonoanhydrobacterioruberin, is unique to ''H. volcanii'' [[ ...iv, M., Lenes, M., Norgard, S., and Liaaen-Jensen, S. "Three dodecaene C50-carotenoids from halophilic bacteria." ''Phytochemistry.'' 1995. Volume 39, No. 3, pp.

...sible for the red colouring of salted brines [[#References|[1]]]. However, carotenoids responsible for the red colouration in ''D. salina'' are found in algal chl 17. Mixed Carotenoids. Rejuvenal healthy aging, n.d. Web. 22 Nov 2012.

...dustrial significance of ''R. glutinis'', including its ability to produce carotenoids, act as a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel biocatalyst], and aid in b ...in groups encoded in the genome play roles in the metabolism of lipids and carotenoids, along with other genes that produce enzymes that are highly relevant to th

...all peptidoglycan but instead is composed of many other proteins including carotenoids that give the cells their redish coloring (6). T. roseum utilizes CO as its

...polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). It also supports the biosynthesis of alkene and carotenoids. [https://blog.microbiologics.com/environmental-isolate-case-files-micrococ

...with mycosporine-like amino acids, reactive oxygen metabolite "quenchers" (carotenoids, superoxide dismutase, catalase or peroxidases), and DNA repair processes s

...gure 6. Exposure to UV-B radiation caused a rapid increase in the ratio of carotenoids to chlorophyll a in the cyanobacteria species ''Nostoc commune''. This incr ...fer an electron to the damaged carotenoid [3]. Thus, an abundance of both carotenoids and vitamin E and C lead to a more effective removal of ROS from cyanobacte

...meter, with both regular and irregular edges. The yellow pigment is due to carotenoids, a class of naturally occurring pigments. K. eikastus can be differentiated

...lar salt lakes in China, Inner Mongolia and Russia[[#References|[3]]]. The carotenoids inside many Halobacteriaceae cause the red coloring and serve to protect DN ...of approximately 2mm in diameter[[#References|[11]]]. The bacterioruberin carotenoids present in the microorganisms is responsible for the red color3, and the co

.... The rose color of the bacteria is formed by the optical activity of the carotenoids (pigments of chloroplast). Spirilloxanthin is the most abundant carotenoid ...hen the cells have a lot of pigment like the bacteriochlorophyll a and the carotenoids. When ''T. roseopersicina'' is growing under chemolithotropic conditions, i

...iaceae is a result of membrane bound pigments such a bacteriorhodopsin and carotenoids that are able to capture high energy photons that would otherwise be capabl

...ma serve as a food source for filter feeding flamingoes in soda lakes. The carotenoids in A. maxima give the birds their pink color.

...gment peak, eluting after 17.3±0.2 min. This suggests the presence of C-40 carotenoids. This is distinctly different from halophilic archaea (10). 9. Anton J, Balashov S, Boichenko V, Lanyi J, Wang J. “Functions of carotenoids in xanthorhodopsin and archaerhodopsin, from action spectra of photoinhibit

...ws '''[[Rhodospirillum]]''' to abosrob light with longer wavelengths. ''[[Carotenoids]]'' help the bacteria gather light energy for photosynthesis and give this

...d or dark brown. Photosynthetic pigments are bacetriochlorophyll ''a'' and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series (Brenner et al.).

...us aureus on TSA.jpg|thumb|300px|right|<b>Figure 4</b>: Staphyloxanthin, a carotenoids pigment. It gives the color of S. aureus and its ability to withstand oxida ...search showed that when crtM, the gene that contributes to the function of carotenoids pigment, was inhibited, <i>S. aureus</i> became more susceptible to ROS, in

...also looked at using halophiles in industry to produce carotenoids. These carotenoids have numerous “potential uses in Biotechnology and Biomedicine.”<sup>[h

...elgado-Vargas, F., Jimenez, A.R., and Paredes-Lopez, O. “Natural Pigments: Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, and Betalains — Characteristics, Biosynthesis, Processing,

...ncentration were not measured for this bacterium. However, the presence of carotenoids within this bacterium likely allows it to have some levels of resistance to ...protein (2). Its genome also encodes genes that can be used to synthesize carotenoids that act as antioxidants and additional supports to increase tolerance of h

...most often have a red-orange appearance that stems from the production of carotenoids via the metabolism of tepernoids and polyketides [7]. Carotenoid production

...side (LH2 of ''R. acidophila'') and lycopene (LH2 of ''R. molischianum''). Carotenoids are useful not only in providing a greater range of absorption wavelengths,

...ant Halobacteria. The red coloration of the ponds is due to C₅₀ carotenoids.[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:San_Francisco_Bay_Salt_Ponds.jpg]] ...synthesis.<ref name= Brock/> These species have red-colored C₅₀ carotenoids as their main pigment and their form of phototrophy does not fix carbon dio

...uced radicals[[#References|[5]]]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotinoid Carotenoids] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanin melanin] also form pigmentations

...nm, indicating the presence of carotenoids. Using mass spectroscopy, the carotenoids were identified to most likely be chlorobactene. The 16S rRNA sequence of

...compounds either exclusively or as an alternative such as: biosurfactants, carotenoids, imidazol-2-yl amino acids, gordonan, gordonin. [2]

...ic pigments adjacent to the cytoplasmic membrane. Bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids are the major photosynthetic pigments present. [1]<i>R. palustris</i> is co

...he DNA damage done by UV light. They also contain large quantities of red carotenoids which have been studied to be photoprotective. (7) ''Halobacterium'' sp. NR

...an those grown at optimal temperatures(4). Its cells contain chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobiliproteins, which are pigments capable of absorbing light energ

...thin sheath. The orange color the the mats reflect high concentrations of carotenoids in the cells, this protects microbes underneath the mat from UV radiation.

...ght, the small number of photosynthetic units it has, and its abundance of carotenoids. Aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria belong under the subclass of

...ased on dynamic pigment ratios. The cells are also able to absorb light in carotenoids without transferring energy to PSII. On the community level, the colony org

...otrophy, lamellar intracytoplasmic membranes hold bacteriochlorophylls and carotenoids, the photosynthetic pigments of the cell that make up the light harvesting

...ght intensity). These proteins bind a large amount of the chlorophyll and carotenoids in the plant and play a role in both light capture and in the dissipation o

...growth (19). As the cells of these bacteria proliferate, they synthesize carotenoids, organic pigments that protect against photooxidation as well as exhibit a