Soil Project 2016: Difference between revisions
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==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle== | ==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle== | ||
Bacillus Subtilis is a prokaryote organism. It is a Gram positive organism meaning it has a thick peptidoglycan layer and a think cytoplasmic membrane. It is a rod-shaped cell that used a flagella for motility. | Bacillus Subtilis is a prokaryote organism. It is a Gram positive organism meaning it has a thick peptidoglycan layer and a think cytoplasmic membrane. It is a rod-shaped cell that used a flagella for motility. | ||
Revision as of 04:05, 6 May 2016
Classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Bacillales
Family: Bacillaceae
Genus: Bacillus
Species
Bacillus subtilis
Habitat Information
'B. subtilis' is commonly found in soil (which explains why it is UV resistant) and in the human gastrointestinal tract. This organism was collected on January 29, 2016. There was 0% rainfall and 22% humidity. GPS coordinates are 30.195412 and -97.75259799999998. The soil came from the front yard about 1” below surface.
Description and Significance
Describe the appearance (colonial and cellular), possible antimicrobial activity etc. of the organism, and why the organism might be significant.
B. subtilis is a gram positive rod. The colonies appear dry, irregular and have lobate margins. They are white and have textured veins. B. subtilis may be a good resource to use when it comes to fighting infection. The growth of E. coli and S. aureus was inhibited by B. subtilis. Another reason B. subtilis may be useful is because it was susceptible to Vancomycin, Ampicillin, Cefoxitin, and Oxacillin (however, the Oxacillin did show some regrowth). This indicates that it would be easy treat a person who had a B. subtilis infection. On surfaces, B. subtilis is susceptible to Lysol (10% & 100%) and resistant to rosemary and 10% bleach.
Genome Structure
Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence? Include S Ribosomal sequence that you obtained from PCR and sequencing here.
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Bacillus Subtilis is a prokaryote organism. It is a Gram positive organism meaning it has a thick peptidoglycan layer and a think cytoplasmic membrane. It is a rod-shaped cell that used a flagella for motility.
This organism is aerobic meaning when it under goes cellular respiration it uses oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor. However after performing a Nitrate reduction test it proved that bacillus Subtilis can reduce Nitrate and survive under anaerobic conditions.
Since this is a soil organism, it is highly resistant to UV rays.
B.subtilis can produce lipase, it allows to the cell to break down lipids into smaller fragments which in turn may be used as an energy source or other productions.
Physiology and Pathogenesis
Biochemical characteristics, enzymes made, other characteristics that may be used to identify the organism; contributions to environment (if any).
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
After performing many tests in class were we able to determine that B. subtilis is able produces many enzymes such as gelatinase, DNase, lipase, nitrate reductase, urease and many others. It is even able to undergo hemolysis and bile esculin hydrolysis.
B. subtilis bacteria are non pathogenic, however they can contaminate food but rarely cause food poisoning. They are used as fungicide on plants.
It produces many antibiotics against other bacteria such as E. coli and S. aureus.
References
Author
Page authored by Jennifer Vega and Crystal Lucio, students of Prof. Kristine Hollingsworth at Austin Community College.