Magnetococcus marinus MC-1: Difference between revisions
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==Genome Structure== | ==Genome Structure== | ||
Magnetococcus marinus MC-1 has a circular chromosome composed of 4719581 nucleotides, 3716 protein genes, and 57 RNA genes. The entire genome has been sequenced and is available from GenBank (Kegg Genome). The production of magnetosomes is a genetic process, the essential genes for which are clustered in a well-defined region called the Magnetosome Island (MAI) (Ji et al., 2017). | |||
Magnetococcus marinus MC-1 and the magneto-ovoid strain, MO-1, are closely related, with a genetic similarity of 93.4% (Bazylinski et al., 2013). Both of these strains contain an extremely high amount of copies of flagellin protein-encoding genes (Zhang et al, 2012). Both the MC-1 and MO-1 strain have high proportions of genes associated with Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, suggesting they are not closely related to any known proteobacteria and may represent a novel lineage, named Etaproteobacteria (Ji et al., 2017). However, both strains are still considered to be part of Alphaproteobacteria. | |||
==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle== | ==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle== | ||
Revision as of 16:21, 23 April 2017
Classification
Bacteria (Domain); Proteobacteria (Phylum); Alphaproteobacteria (Class); Magnetococcales (Order); Magnetococcaceae (family)
Species
Magnetococcus marinus MC-1
Description and Significance
Magnetotactic bacteria are morphologically, metabolically, and phylogenetically varying, but all have the ability to produce magnetosomes, which are biomineralized membrane-encased crystals of magnetite or greigite (Ji et al., 2017). MC-1 is a strain of Magnetococcus marinus, a magnetotactic coccus that is often found at the oxic-anoxic interface of bodies of water. MC-1 was first isolated from the oxic-anoxic interface of the Pettaquamscutt Estuary in Rhode Island, USA (Bazylinski et al., 2013).
Magnetotactic cocci are ubiquitous in freshwater, marine water, and mud samples from natural habitats. They are the most commonly encountered magnetotactic bacteria. Magnetococcus marinus are Gram negative, coccoid to ovoid in shape, and 1-2 micrometers in diameters.They are bilophotrichous, having two bundles of flagella on one side of the cell. Each cell contains magnetosomes, typically arranged in a linear chain inside the cytoplasm (Bazylinski et al., 2013).
As well as being ubiquitous in most water environments and being the most commonly encountered magnetotactic bacteria, Magnetococcus marinus has been tested in clinical studies for its potential use in drug delivery within tumors.
Genome Structure
Magnetococcus marinus MC-1 has a circular chromosome composed of 4719581 nucleotides, 3716 protein genes, and 57 RNA genes. The entire genome has been sequenced and is available from GenBank (Kegg Genome). The production of magnetosomes is a genetic process, the essential genes for which are clustered in a well-defined region called the Magnetosome Island (MAI) (Ji et al., 2017).
Magnetococcus marinus MC-1 and the magneto-ovoid strain, MO-1, are closely related, with a genetic similarity of 93.4% (Bazylinski et al., 2013). Both of these strains contain an extremely high amount of copies of flagellin protein-encoding genes (Zhang et al, 2012). Both the MC-1 and MO-1 strain have high proportions of genes associated with Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, suggesting they are not closely related to any known proteobacteria and may represent a novel lineage, named Etaproteobacteria (Ji et al., 2017). However, both strains are still considered to be part of Alphaproteobacteria.
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Ecology and Pathogenesis
Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
References
Author
Page authored by _____, student of Prof. Jay Lennon at IndianaUniversity.
