African Trypanosomiasis: a parasitic disease of the CNS: Difference between revisions
Mclaughlin2 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Mclaughlin2 (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
By Maeve McLaughlin | By Maeve McLaughlin | ||
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) informally known as African Sleeping Sickness is an infection directly linked to a microscopic parasitic species known as <i>Trypanosoma</i> brucei. <i>T. brucei</i> are members of the <i>Trypanosoma</i> genus as well as the Trypanosomatidae family of unicellular parasites [3]. HAT is an extremely rare disease in the United States with fewer than 1,000 cases per year, but has a history of epidemics in Sub-Saharan regions of Africa [1]. There are a number of species of trypanosomes but only 2 have been known to infect humans, those being <i>T.b gambiense</i> and <i>T.b rhodesiense</i> [1]. | Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) informally known as African Sleeping Sickness is an infection directly linked to a microscopic parasitic species known as <i>Trypanosoma</i> <i>brucei</i>. <i>T. brucei</i> are members of the <i>Trypanosoma</i> genus as well as the Trypanosomatidae family of unicellular parasites [3]. HAT is an extremely rare disease in the United States with fewer than 1,000 cases per year, but has a history of epidemics in Sub-Saharan regions of Africa [1]. There are a number of species of trypanosomes but only 2 have been known to infect humans, those being <i>T.b gambiense</i> and <i>T.b rhodesiense</i> [1]. | ||
Its transmission occurs through the tsetse fly, a member of the <i>Glossina</i> genus, only found in regions of Sub-Saharan Africa [1]. A bite from the infected species enters the human bloodstream, allowing the parasite to colonize areas up through the lymph nodes. Once infected, the spread of the disease easily develops into the central nervous system working its way to the brain. There are two main stages early and late, the late stage results in neurological defects. Early symptoms commonly consist of headache, fever, rash, or drowsiness [1]. | Its transmission occurs through the tsetse fly, a member of the <i>Glossina</i> genus, only found in regions of Sub-Saharan Africa [1]. A bite from the infected species enters the human bloodstream, allowing the parasite to colonize areas up through the lymph nodes. Once infected, the spread of the disease easily develops into the central nervous system working its way to the brain. There are two main stages early and late, the late stage results in neurological defects. Early symptoms commonly consist of headache, fever, rash, or drowsiness [1]. | ||
Revision as of 23:37, 13 April 2024
Introduction
By Maeve McLaughlin
Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) informally known as African Sleeping Sickness is an infection directly linked to a microscopic parasitic species known as Trypanosoma brucei. T. brucei are members of the Trypanosoma genus as well as the Trypanosomatidae family of unicellular parasites [3]. HAT is an extremely rare disease in the United States with fewer than 1,000 cases per year, but has a history of epidemics in Sub-Saharan regions of Africa [1]. There are a number of species of trypanosomes but only 2 have been known to infect humans, those being T.b gambiense and T.b rhodesiense [1].
Its transmission occurs through the tsetse fly, a member of the Glossina genus, only found in regions of Sub-Saharan Africa [1]. A bite from the infected species enters the human bloodstream, allowing the parasite to colonize areas up through the lymph nodes. Once infected, the spread of the disease easily develops into the central nervous system working its way to the brain. There are two main stages early and late, the late stage results in neurological defects. Early symptoms commonly consist of headache, fever, rash, or drowsiness [1].
Infected hosts may experience differences in circadian rhythm, insomnia, drowsiness throughout the day, and eventually potential death if left untreated [1]. Those in late stages of the disease experience disturbances in their circadian rhythm, insomnia, or other psychological symptoms such as dementia, depression, mania, irritability, or memory loss [1]. If left untreated, almost all patients are left in a coma, often resulting in death.
At right is a sample image insertion. It works for any image uploaded anywhere to MicrobeWiki.
The insertion code consists of:
Double brackets: [[
Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
Thumbnail status: |thumb|
Pixel size: |300px|
Placement on page: |right|
Legend/credit: Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Photo credit: CDC. Every image requires a link to the source.
Closed double brackets: ]]
Other examples:
Bold
Italic
Subscript: H2O
Superscript: Fe3+
Sample citations: [1]
[2]
A citation code consists of a hyperlinked reference within "ref" begin and end codes.
To repeat the citation for other statements, the reference needs to have a names: "<ref name=aa>"
The repeated citation works like this, with a forward slash.[1]
Trypanosoma Brucei
Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.<be>
Epidemiology
Every point of information REQUIRES CITATION using the citation tool shown above.
Symptoms
\Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.
Pathogenesis
Path of Infection
Impact on the Central Nervous System
Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.
Diagnosis & Treatment
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Immune Response
Next Steps
Conclusion
References
Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski,at Kenyon College,2024
