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| ==<i>Brevibacillus laterosporus</i>, a bacterial biological control agent of Western Corn Rootworm.==
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| ==Background==
| | [[Image:Filename.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Legend. Image credit: Name or Publication.]] |
| [[Image:PHIL_22882_lores.jpg|thumb|300px|right|This illustration depicts a three-dimensional (3D), computer-generated image, of a group of Gram-positive, Streptococcus agalactiae (group B Streptococcus) bacteria. The photo credit for this image belongs to Alissa Eckert, who is a medical illustrator at the [http://www.cdc.gov/ CDC].]] | |
| <br>By Katya Naphtali<br>
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| Underneath the umbrella of “pesticides”, there are biologically synthesized alternatives to chemicals called microbial pesticides. This alternative uses different microorganisms to target specific pests that threaten production. The actual material used as a pesticide is naturally formed, biodegradable, highly specialized to specific pests rather than having widespread impact meaning they can be used in small quantities with large effects (EPA).
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| Microbial pesticides are commonly used to address pest control in corn crops. Stats on the importance of corn in USA agriculture, and the threat corn poses to it (monoculture). It is under threat by the Western Corn Rootworm (CRW), which specialized just to parasitize corn monocropping productions (Cornell).
| | ==Classification== |
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| A common management process to address CRW is the incorporation of microbial pesticides into corn GMO strains (background on melding process?) Bacillus thergo (Bt) is the most commonly used bacteria as a source of microbial pest control. There are multiple strains of GMO corn that contain toxins from Bt. Unfortunately, in some regions where these GMOs are overused, CRW has adapted resistance to this toxin (Cornell). This drives researchers to search for similarly effective bacteria to replace their current technology.
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| Sample citations: <ref name=aa>[http://www.plosbiology.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000005&representation=PDF Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.]</ref>
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| <ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847443/ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.]</ref>
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| <br><br>A citation code consists of a hyperlinked reference within "ref" begin and end codes.
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| <br>To repeat the citation for other statements, the reference needs to have a names: "<ref name=aa>"
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| <br> The repeated citation works like this, with a forward slash.<ref name=aa/>
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| ==Western Corn Rootworm==
| | Domain; Phylum; Class; Order; family [Others may be used. Use [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/ NCBI] link to find] |
| Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.<br>
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| Every point of information REQUIRES CITATION using the citation tool shown above.
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| ==<i>Brevibacillus laterosporus</i>==
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| Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.<br>
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| ==Pathology & Experimental Use== | | ===Species=== |
| Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.<br>
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| ==Real World Impacts==
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| ==Conclusion== | | | height="10" bgcolor="#FFDF95" | |
| Root Worms
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| | '''NCBI: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=1007084&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock]''' |
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| | ''Genus species'' |
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| | ==Description and Significance== |
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| | Describe the appearance, habitat, etc. of the organism, and why you think it is important. |
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| | ==Genome Structure== |
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| | Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence? |
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| | ==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle== |
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| | Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces. |
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| | ==Ecology and Pathogenesis== |
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| | Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.<br> |
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| | If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.<br><br> |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
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| <br><br>Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by [https://biology.kenyon.edu/slonc/slonc.htm Joan Slonczewski], 2023, [http://www.kenyon.edu/index.xml Kenyon College]
| | [Sample reference] [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/489 Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. "''Palaeococcus ferrophilus'' gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". ''International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology''. 2000. Volume 50. p. 489-500.] |
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| | ==Author== |
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| | Page authored by _Lee Hinson____, _____, _____, & _____, students of Prof. Bradley Tolar at UNC Wilmington. |
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| | <!-- Do not remove this line-->[[Category:Pages edited by students of Bradley Tolar at UNC Wilmington]] |
Legend. Image credit: Name or Publication.
Classification
Domain; Phylum; Class; Order; family [Others may be used. Use NCBI link to find]
Species
Genus species
Description and Significance
Describe the appearance, habitat, etc. of the organism, and why you think it is important.
Genome Structure
Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence?
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Ecology and Pathogenesis
Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
References
[Sample reference] Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. "Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2000. Volume 50. p. 489-500.
Author
Page authored by _Lee Hinson____, _____, _____, & _____, students of Prof. Bradley Tolar at UNC Wilmington.
