Desulfuromonas

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A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Desulfuromonas

D. acetoxidans from the Joint Genome Institute.

Classification

Higher order taxa:

Bacteria; Proteobacteria; delta/epsilon subdivisions; Deltaproteobacteria; Desulfuromonadales; Desulfuromonadaceae

Species:

D. acetexigens, D. acetoxidans D. chloroethenica, D. michiganensis, D. palmitatis, D. thiophila, D. sp.

NCBI: Taxonomy Genome

Description and Significance

Desulfuromonasis a Gram-negative bacteria, known for being a sulfur reducing eubacteria through conversion of elemental sulfur into sulfide. Unlike some other sulfur-reducing bacteria, it does not reduce sulfate. A recent study has demonstrated that Desulfuromonas is a distinct phylogenetic cluster (one of three, the others being Geobacter and Dulfuromusa) within the the phylogenetically coherenent family Geobaceraceae, which falls within the delta subclass Proteobacteria. Click here for more information.

Genome Structure

Projects to sequence the genome of D. acetoxidansorganisms are beginning by organizations such as the Biomax Informatics project, but so far only a preliminary analysis has been completed. The unfinished sequence of Desulfuromonas acetexigens can be found here.

Cell Structure and Metabolism

D. acetoxidans. From the University of Massachusetts.

Desulfuromonas, like other sulfur-reducing bacteria, has a very unique and complex metabolism. Desulfuromonasuses a variety of enzymes and organic compounds in order to reduce sulfate into sulfide. The reduction process is extremely complex, and the flow of reducing equivalents from electron donors is often linked to respiratory energy conservation utilizing a range of electron carriers as well. The reduction to sulfide from sulfate process has eight-electron steps and uses a variety of intermediates. Desulfuromonas typically would not excrete until the final oxidation state with the product of sulfide (R. Rabus et al., 2004).

Ecology

Desulfuromonasspecies are typically scarce in freshwater, but found frequently in anoxic marine and brackish water sediments because of the high suflur concentration ( R. Rabus et al., 2004).

References

Biomax Informatics. 2004. PENDANT Genome Database.

Holmes DE, Nevin KP, Lovley DR. "Comparison of 16S rRNA, nifD, recA, gyrB, rpoB and fusA genes within the family Geobacteraceae fam. nov." International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2004 Sep;54(Pt 5):1591-9.

Joint Genome Institute. 2004. Draft Genome. Desulfuromonas acetoxidans.

Rabus, R., T. Hansen, F. Widdel. 2004. The Prokaryotes: An Evolving Electronic Resource for the Mircobiological Community. 2004. Springer-Verlag New York, LLC.

University of Massachusetts. 2002. News Release. UMass Study Uses Microbes to Turn Mud into Electricity.