Utilization of Bacillus thuringiensis in Genetically Modified Crops

Introduction

Figure 1. Scanning electron micrograph of a colony of Bacillus thuringiensis cells prior to sporulation.

By Zoë Frazier

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Introduce the topic of your paper. What microorganisms are of interest? Habitat? Applications for medicine and/or environment?

Structure and Phylogeny

Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.

History

Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.

Life Cycle

Figure 2. Transition electron micrograph of Bacillus thuringiensis at the final stage of sporulation. The parasporal crystals are indicated using white arrows. These crystals are produced in the fourth through sixth stages of sporulation and are toxic to insects if consumed (1).

Figure 2.

Bt Toxins

Figure 3. Electron micrograph of the crystalline protein toxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis. The insecticidal properties of these proteins were first discovered by Christopher Hannay in 1955. Micrography by Jim Buckman (2006).

Figure 3.

Ethical Issues Surrounding Bt Crops

Include some current research, with at least one figure showing data.

Bt Crops

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

References

[1] Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.

Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2015, Kenyon College.