Dengue Disease

University of Oklahoma Study Abroad Microbiology in Arezzo, Italy[1]

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Etiology/Bacteriology

Taxonomy

Group = Group IV positive-sense ssRNA virus | Order = Unassigned | Family = Flaviviridae | Genus = Flavivirus | species = Dengue Virus

NCBI Taxonomy: (DENV-1) (DENV-2) (DENV-3) (DENV-4) Genome: Dengue Virus

Pathogenesis

Virulence factors

Dengue

Like all Gram negative bacteria, EHEC outer membranes have an outer facing leaflet of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS consists of lipid A, core polysaccharide, and O-Antigen, which consists of 40-80 repeating subunits of 4 sugars that in the case of E. coli O157:H7 is unique to the O157 serogroup, containing N-acetyl-d-perosamine, l-fucose, d-glucose, and N-acetyl-d-galactose. The core polysaccharide essentially is conserved in all E. coli ecotypes. Lipid A is the toxic component of LPS, also known as endotoxin, which is a heat-stable toxin. Lipid A consists of a phosphorylated disaccharide of glucosamine linked by a beta-1,6 linkage and modified by fatty acids, in addition to the first ketodeoxyoctanoate of the core polysaccharide. Endotoxin is released by cell lysis rather than being secreted. Endotoxin is less potent and less specific than exotoxins. Endotoxin can cause fever, hemorrhagic shock, and diarrhea.

References

[Sample reference] Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. "Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2000. Volume 50. p. 489-500.

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