Chromohalobacter Salexigens: Difference between revisions
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===Species=== | ===Species=== | ||
C. | ''C. salexigens'' | ||
==Description and significance== | ==Description and significance== | ||
This bacterium is a moderate halophile, meaning it has much to do with saline, yet does not require high concentrations of sodium chloride. C. | This bacterium is a moderate halophile, meaning it has much to do with saline, yet does not require high concentrations of sodium chloride. ''C. salexigens'' is very flexible in that its salt requirements can be met by ions of other salts such as potassium, rubidium, ammonium, bromide, and others. | ||
==Genome structure== | ==Genome structure== | ||
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==Cell structure and metabolism== | ==Cell structure and metabolism== | ||
C. | ''C. salexigens'' is a moderate halophile that is capable of "making a living" in many various salt environments. In this way, it is a flexible bacterium. Placing ''C. salexigens'' in media containing a 0.3M concentration of NaCL and a 0.7M concentration of (Na+, K+, Rb+, etc...) will stimulate its growth positively. [2] | ||
==Ecology== | ==Ecology== | ||
C. | ''C. salexigens'' produces and stores small amounts of ectoine and glycerol intracellularly. Small-scale production of these and other organic solutes is made possible via this organism. [3] | ||
Interactions between C. | Interactions between ''C. salexigens'' and other bacteria such as various strands of Salmonella allow for salinity tolerance modulation. In other words, this bacterium allows for other organisms to exist in environments they would otherwise not be able to cope with. | ||
==Pathology== | ==Pathology== | ||
Current research indicates that C. | Current research indicates that ''C. salexigens'' is not known to be pathogenic. | ||
==Application to Biotechnology== | ==Application to Biotechnology== | ||
In response to salt and temperature stress C. | In response to salt and temperature stress ''C. salexigens'' produces and stores various solutes. Some solutes, namely hydroxyectoine, are used in thermoregulation processes that protect ''C. salexigens'' from extreme temperatures. [3] | ||
==Current Research== | ==Current Research== | ||
Research is being done on mutant C. | Research is being done on mutant ''C. salexigens'' bacterium that synthesize ectoine. ''C. Salexigens'' mutants such as these can be used to produce N(gamma)-acetyl-2,4-diaminobutyrate (NADA). When said mutants are placed in conjunction with the bacterium ''Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium'', salinity stress typically present in this form of Salmonella ceased to persist. [4] | ||
In other research, C. Salexigens is being | In other research, ''C. Salexigens'' is being investigated to better understand its long-term response to salinity stress regarding membrane modulation. Ectoine-deficient strains of ''C. salexigens'' are unable to cope with salinity stress and undergo extensive membrane changes. The addition of ectoine to these deficient strains, however, allows these bacterium to maintain a salinity responsive membrane. [5] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:43, 12 July 2007
A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Chromohalobacter Salexigens
Classification
Higher order taxa
Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Gammaproteobacteria; Oceanospirillales; Halomonadaceae; Chromohalobacter;
Species
C. salexigens
Description and significance
This bacterium is a moderate halophile, meaning it has much to do with saline, yet does not require high concentrations of sodium chloride. C. salexigens is very flexible in that its salt requirements can be met by ions of other salts such as potassium, rubidium, ammonium, bromide, and others.
Genome structure
DNA Bases: 3696649
Chromosome Type: Circular
Total Genes: 3403
Protein Coding Genes: 3319 RNA Genes: 84 Pseudo Genes: 21
Cell structure and metabolism
C. salexigens is a moderate halophile that is capable of "making a living" in many various salt environments. In this way, it is a flexible bacterium. Placing C. salexigens in media containing a 0.3M concentration of NaCL and a 0.7M concentration of (Na+, K+, Rb+, etc...) will stimulate its growth positively. [2]
Ecology
C. salexigens produces and stores small amounts of ectoine and glycerol intracellularly. Small-scale production of these and other organic solutes is made possible via this organism. [3]
Interactions between C. salexigens and other bacteria such as various strands of Salmonella allow for salinity tolerance modulation. In other words, this bacterium allows for other organisms to exist in environments they would otherwise not be able to cope with.
Pathology
Current research indicates that C. salexigens is not known to be pathogenic.
Application to Biotechnology
In response to salt and temperature stress C. salexigens produces and stores various solutes. Some solutes, namely hydroxyectoine, are used in thermoregulation processes that protect C. salexigens from extreme temperatures. [3]
Current Research
Research is being done on mutant C. salexigens bacterium that synthesize ectoine. C. Salexigens mutants such as these can be used to produce N(gamma)-acetyl-2,4-diaminobutyrate (NADA). When said mutants are placed in conjunction with the bacterium Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium, salinity stress typically present in this form of Salmonella ceased to persist. [4]
In other research, C. Salexigens is being investigated to better understand its long-term response to salinity stress regarding membrane modulation. Ectoine-deficient strains of C. salexigens are unable to cope with salinity stress and undergo extensive membrane changes. The addition of ectoine to these deficient strains, however, allows these bacterium to maintain a salinity responsive membrane. [5]
References
Edited by Chris Wittrock, a student of Rachel Larsen and Kit Pogliano
