Roseburia intestinalis: Difference between revisions
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==Description and Significance== | ==Description and Significance== | ||
''Roseburia intestinalis'' is a major inhabitant of the human gut microbiome, making up 2.3% of the entire gut microbiome and up to 20% of the bacteria found in the colorectal region | ''Roseburia intestinalis'' is a major inhabitant of the human gut microbiome, making up 2.3% of the entire gut microbiome and up to 20% of the bacteria found in the colorectal region [4]. ''R. intestinalis'' is a butyrate producer, a short-chain fatty acid that provides an energy source for colon epithelial cells to break down dietary fiber. The main reason for it’s ability to produce butyrate is from the enzyme Butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase, which can transform acetate into butyrate. Butyrate is also known to suppress colon cancer, as it induces histone acetylation on the epithelial cells [1]. Butyrate in healthy colon cells will feed them through beta-oxidation, which is what most healthy epithelial cells prefer. It acts as a natural histone deacetylase enzyme inhibitor, which are enzymes known to lead to oncogene expression and is a factor that leads to colon cancer. As ''R. intestinalis'' acts as a natural inhibitor to these HDACs, cancer therapies involving ''R. intestinalis'' is on the rise in research. Lack of butyrate production has been associated with diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and Type 2 diabetes [4]. Live Biotherapeutics Drug Discovery has announced ''R. intestinalis'' and the rest of its genus as a Next Generation Probiotic for people with digestive issues to restore their gut health, as butyrate production is a big reason inflammation can be suppressed in the gut [5]. | ||
==Genome Structure== | ==Genome Structure== |
Revision as of 16:14, 24 April 2024
Classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Bacillota
Class: Clostridia
Order: Lachnospirales
Family: Lachnospiraceae
Species
Roseburia intestinalis
Other species in Roseburia genus: Roseburia hominis; Roseburia inulinivorans; Roseburia faecis; Roseburia cecicola
Description and Significance
Roseburia intestinalis is a major inhabitant of the human gut microbiome, making up 2.3% of the entire gut microbiome and up to 20% of the bacteria found in the colorectal region [4]. R. intestinalis is a butyrate producer, a short-chain fatty acid that provides an energy source for colon epithelial cells to break down dietary fiber. The main reason for it’s ability to produce butyrate is from the enzyme Butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA transferase, which can transform acetate into butyrate. Butyrate is also known to suppress colon cancer, as it induces histone acetylation on the epithelial cells [1]. Butyrate in healthy colon cells will feed them through beta-oxidation, which is what most healthy epithelial cells prefer. It acts as a natural histone deacetylase enzyme inhibitor, which are enzymes known to lead to oncogene expression and is a factor that leads to colon cancer. As R. intestinalis acts as a natural inhibitor to these HDACs, cancer therapies involving R. intestinalis is on the rise in research. Lack of butyrate production has been associated with diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease and Type 2 diabetes [4]. Live Biotherapeutics Drug Discovery has announced R. intestinalis and the rest of its genus as a Next Generation Probiotic for people with digestive issues to restore their gut health, as butyrate production is a big reason inflammation can be suppressed in the gut [5].
Genome Structure
Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence?
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Ecology and Pathogenesis
Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
References
[5] Roseburia spp. as next generation probiotics. Live Biotherapeutic. (n.d.).
Author
Page authored by Brianna Ritchey and Fernando Santos, students of Prof. Jay Lennon at Indiana University.