Yellowstone Hot Springs: Difference between revisions

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===What are hot springs?===
===What are hot springs?===


Hot springs are geothermal springs that are substantially higher in temperature than the air temperature of the surrounding region. <ref>[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272775/hot-spring "hot spring." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 26 Aug. 2008.]</ref>
Hot springs are geothermal springs that are substantially higher in temperature than the air temperature of the surrounding region.


===Where is Yellowstone?===
===Where is Yellowstone?===


Yellowstone is a U.S. National Park located in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. It is also America's first national park; and is a home to a large variety of wildlife including grizzly bears, wolves, bison, and elk. Preserved within Yellowstone National Park are Old Faithful and a collection of the world's most extraordinary geysers and hot springs, and the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. <ref>[http://www.nps.gov/yell/index.htm Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service). 01 Aug. 2008. National Park Service. 26 Aug. 2008.]</ref>
Yellowstone is a U.S. National Park located in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. It is also America's first national park; and is a home to a large variety of wildlife including grizzly bears, wolves, bison, and elk. Preserved within Yellowstone National Park are Old Faithful and a collection of the world's most extraordinary geysers and hot springs, and the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone.


===Creation of Hot Springs===
===Creation of Hot Springs===
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:[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2074968 D'Imperio, S., Lehr, C. R., Breary, M., McDermott, T. R. Autecology of an Arsenite Chemolithotroph: Sulfide Constraints on Function and Distribution in a Geothermal Spring Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007 73: 7067-7074]  
:[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2074968 D'Imperio, S., Lehr, C. R., Breary, M., McDermott, T. R. Autecology of an Arsenite Chemolithotroph: Sulfide Constraints on Function and Distribution in a Geothermal Spring Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007 73: 7067-7074]  
:[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/272775/hot-spring "hot spring." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 26 Aug. 2008.]


:[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=168801 Kozubal, M., Macur, R. E., Korf, S., Taylor, W. P., Ackerman, G. G., Nagy, A., Inskeep, W. P. Isolation and Distribution of a Novel Iron-Oxidizing Crenarchaeon from Acidic Geothermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007 0: AEM.01200-07]
:[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=168801 Kozubal, M., Macur, R. E., Korf, S., Taylor, W. P., Ackerman, G. G., Nagy, A., Inskeep, W. P. Isolation and Distribution of a Novel Iron-Oxidizing Crenarchaeon from Acidic Geothermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007 0: AEM.01200-07]


:[http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1456/pp1456_text.pdf White, D. E., Hutchinson, R. A. & Keith, T. E. C.  The geology and remarkable thermal activity of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 1456, 1–84 (1988)]
:[http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1456/pp1456_text.pdf White, D. E., Hutchinson, R. A. & Keith, T. E. C.  The geology and remarkable thermal activity of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 1456, 1–84 (1988)]
:[http://www.nps.gov/yell/index.htm Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service). 01 Aug. 2008. National Park Service. 26 Aug. 2008.]


Edited by [Yu-chen Chiu, Ngoc Dinh, Jenny Lee, Christina Pham, Lucas Puttock, Naon Shin], students of [mailto:ralarsen@ucsd.edu Rachel Larsen]
Edited by [Yu-chen Chiu, Ngoc Dinh, Jenny Lee, Christina Pham, Lucas Puttock, Naon Shin], students of [mailto:ralarsen@ucsd.edu Rachel Larsen]

Revision as of 16:32, 27 August 2008

Yellowstone Hot Springs

What are hot springs?

Hot springs are geothermal springs that are substantially higher in temperature than the air temperature of the surrounding region.

Where is Yellowstone?

Yellowstone is a U.S. National Park located in Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho. It is also America's first national park; and is a home to a large variety of wildlife including grizzly bears, wolves, bison, and elk. Preserved within Yellowstone National Park are Old Faithful and a collection of the world's most extraordinary geysers and hot springs, and the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone.

Creation of Hot Springs

...


What Microbes Live in Yellowstone Hot Springs?

Thermophiles

Yellowstone Hot Spring Regions

Lower Geyser Basin

Mushroom Springs
Octopus Springs

Norris Geyser Basin

Green Dragon Springs
Nymph Creek
Beowulf Springs

Unique Facts

References

Boyd, E. S., Jackson, R. A., Encarnacion, G., Zahn, J.A., Beard, T., Leavitt, W. D., Pi, Y., Zhang, C. L., Pearson, A., and Geesey G. G. Isolation. Characterization, and Ecology of Sulfur-Respiring Crenarchaea Inhabiting Acid-Sulfate-Chloride-Containing Geothermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environmental Microbiol. October 15, 2007; 73(20): 6669 - 6677
D'Imperio, S., Lehr, C. R., Breary, M., McDermott, T. R. Autecology of an Arsenite Chemolithotroph: Sulfide Constraints on Function and Distribution in a Geothermal Spring Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007 73: 7067-7074
"hot spring." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 26 Aug. 2008.
Kozubal, M., Macur, R. E., Korf, S., Taylor, W. P., Ackerman, G. G., Nagy, A., Inskeep, W. P. Isolation and Distribution of a Novel Iron-Oxidizing Crenarchaeon from Acidic Geothermal Springs in Yellowstone National Park. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2007 0: AEM.01200-07
White, D. E., Hutchinson, R. A. & Keith, T. E. C. The geology and remarkable thermal activity of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. US Geol. Surv. Prof. Pap. 1456, 1–84 (1988)
Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service). 01 Aug. 2008. National Park Service. 26 Aug. 2008.

Edited by [Yu-chen Chiu, Ngoc Dinh, Jenny Lee, Christina Pham, Lucas Puttock, Naon Shin], students of Rachel Larsen

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