Apis mellifera Solinvivirus-1: Difference between revisions
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==Description and Significance== | ==Description and Significance== | ||
<i>Apis Mellifera</i> is the scientific term for the western honey bee. Solinvivirus-1 is part of the Solinvivirdae family as it is non-segmented, linear, and has positive-sense RNA genomes. Together, this virus is known as Apis Mellifera solinvivirus-1(AmSV1) as it was recently discovered in Oregon to impact honey bees after a decade of no evidence. It is a novel RNA virus that causes systemic infections throughout the bees body including the head, thorax, and abdomen. From a geographic and historic distribution analysis, AmSV1 was found to be present in bees apiaries (collection of beehives) as early as 2010. This virus is known to induce honey bee colony losses which can in turn affect pollination services to crops. | <i>Apis Mellifera</i> is the scientific term for the western honey bee. Solinvivirus-1 is part of the Solinvivirdae family as it is non-segmented, linear, and has positive-sense RNA genomes. Together, this virus is known as <i>Apis Mellifera</i> solinvivirus-1(AmSV1) as it was recently discovered in Oregon to impact honey bees after a decade of no evidence. It is a novel RNA virus that causes systemic infections throughout the bees body including the head, thorax, and abdomen. From a geographic and historic distribution analysis, AmSV1 was found to be present in bees apiaries (collection of beehives) as early as 2010. This virus is known to induce honey bee colony losses which can in turn affect pollination services to crops. | ||
==Genome Structure== | ==Genome Structure== | ||
Revision as of 20:09, 12 December 2023
Classification
Viruses; Riboviria; Orthornavirae; Pisuviricota; Pisoniviricetes; Picornavirales; Solinviviridae
[Others may be used. Use NCBI link to find]
Species
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NCBI: [1] |
Apis mellifera Solinvivirus-1
Description and Significance
Apis Mellifera is the scientific term for the western honey bee. Solinvivirus-1 is part of the Solinvivirdae family as it is non-segmented, linear, and has positive-sense RNA genomes. Together, this virus is known as Apis Mellifera solinvivirus-1(AmSV1) as it was recently discovered in Oregon to impact honey bees after a decade of no evidence. It is a novel RNA virus that causes systemic infections throughout the bees body including the head, thorax, and abdomen. From a geographic and historic distribution analysis, AmSV1 was found to be present in bees apiaries (collection of beehives) as early as 2010. This virus is known to induce honey bee colony losses which can in turn affect pollination services to crops.
Genome Structure
AmSV1 contains a 10.6 kb RNA positive-strand genomic with a single ORF coding for a polyprotein. This genome is classified to be linear and icosahedral as 180 copies of the jelly-roll structural viral protein subunits form this shell of the particle. This is a virus, so there are no chromosomes present and instead have non-segmented RNA.
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
The capsid proteins in this virus are encoded towards the 3'-end of the poly(A) tail and have covalently attached viral protein linked to the 5'-end. In artificially injected honey bee pupae, this virus is capable of replicating. In a study investigating the virome of U.S. honey bee apiaries, it was found that there was an increase in AmSV1 RNA and accumulation of a single negative strand of AmSV1 in honey bee cells. There is not much evidence or information regarding the metabolism of this virus.
Ecology and Pathogenesis
Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
Species within the family Solinviviridae typically infect ants however over the years they have spread to insects(bees) and arthropods. Solinvivirus is specific to queens and workers of a population, whether that be ants or bees, which makes them highly pathogenic. (not much information found...)
References
Brown, K., Olendraite, I., Valles, S., Firth, A., Chen, Y., Guérin, D., Hashimoto, Y., Herrero, S., Miranda, J., Ryabov, E. 2019. “Family: Solinviviridae”. Volume 100. P. 736-737. Link, https://ictv.global/report/chapter/solinviviridae/solinviviridae [11.14.2023]
Ryabov, E., Nearman, A., Nessa, A., Grubbs, K., Sallmann, B., Fahey, R., Wilson, M., Rennich, K., Steinhauer, N., Fauvel, A., Chen, Y., Evans, J., VanEngelsdorp, D., 2023. “Apis mellifera Solinvivirus-1, a Novel Honey Bee Virus That Remained Undetected for over a Decade, Is Widespread in the USA”. Viruses vol. 15(7) 1597. Link, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10384192/ [11.16.2023]
Author
Page authored by Margo Hinnant, student of Prof. Bradley Tolar at UNC Wilmington.
