Bacillus endoradicis
A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Bacillus endoradicis
Classification
Higher order taxa
Domain:Bacteria; Phylum: Firmicutes; Class:Bacilli; Order: Bacillasles; Family: Bacillaceae; Genus:Bacillus; Species: Bacillus endoradicis [Others may be used. Use NCBI link to find]
Species
Bacillus endoradicis
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NCBI: Taxonomy |
Description and significance
The microbe Bacillus endoradicis is a strain of Bacillus bacteria that is gram positive. It was discovered in 2009, and can be found within soybeans, in soil and other vegetation. The microbe is considered a mesophile because it grows ideally at temperatures ranging from 14 and 45°C. The cells are generally motile, with transparent colonies with a slight white pigmentation to them each parent colony has irregular edges. The cells generally occur as a single bacillus, as diplobacilli,and in Streptobacilli form. When analyzed phylogenetically, the 16S rRNA gene showed that the strain of Bacillus endoradicis showed to be most closely related to a strain of Bacillus called Bacillus muralis, Bacillus simplex, and Bacillus subtilis. Each of these have a similarity of approximately ~96.4%, which is enough to make Bacillus endoradicis a separate bacterial species; being lower than the threshold of 97%. The general phenotypic charecterization from the other two Bacillus strains showed similar charecteristics in a sense that they did not hydrolyse casein or starch, but growth within a MacConkey agar (a selective agar and differential culture medium that is for bacteria, and is designed to isolate Gram-negative and enteric bacilli on whether or not they could ferment lactose) was possible. Because of it similarities to Bacillus simplex, and Bacillus endoradicis pathogen suppressing ability observed within the soybeans of Shijiazhuang city, Hebei Province, China, the soil bacteria can be associated with the plants roots, and having a positive effect on the plants growth rate. This is generally done through a plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Bacillus endoradicis or Bacillus simplex. It is the microbes ability to produce dormant, heat and desication-tolerant spores that enable it survive in severe stress in fields. This microbe is found to not be toxic, or harmful to humans, but in turn could be found to prove beneficial by helping increase the protein source found in soybeans by increasing anti oxidation activity and trypsin inhibitors and other antigenic proteins reduced in fermented soybean meal cultures. Describe the appearance, habitat, etc. of the organism, and why you think it is important.
Genome structure
The genome of B.endoradicis was sequenced in 2009 and was found to have a linear topology, with a single chromosome. The chromosome, because it was partially sequenced has only found to have a sequence length of 1,398 bp, while relating strains of B. simplex being fairly similar in the ranges of ~96.4%. This makes sense because they are both used as broad antibiotics and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). It is because the sequence of Bacillus endoradicis is partially sequenced, but found to share the same characteristics of its similar bacillus family and relating to nearly 97% genomicaly, and anecdotal evidence shows that it doesn't vary far from microbes such as B.subtilis and B.simplex. Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence?
Cell and colony structure
Interesting features of cell structure. Interesting features of colony structure.
Metabolism
Energy source(s); external electron donor(s) (=reductant source(s)); carbon source(s); oxygen classification; important molecules it produces.
Ecology
Habitat; symbiosis; contributions to the environment. metagenomic data link
Pathology
Does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors.
References
[Sample reference] [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/62/2/330; Sylvie Cousin, Marie-Laure Gulat-Okalla, Laurence Motreff, Catherine Gouyette, Christiane Bouchier, Dominique Clermont, and Chantal Bizet. Lactobacillus gigeriorum sp. nov., isolated from chicken crop. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol February 2012 62:330-334; published ahead of print March 18, 2011.} [doi:10.1099/ijs.0.028217-0.]
Edited by PUT YOUR NAME HERE of Dr. Lisa R. Moore, University of Southern Maine, Department of Biological Sciences, http://www.usm.maine.edu/bio
