User:S4188552
Aimee Davidson Bench E Date [1]
Classification
Higher order taxa
Kingdom – Domain – Phylum – Class – Order – Family – Genus
Kingdom - Bacteria - Firmicutes - Negativicutes - Selenomonadales - Veillonellaceae - Veillonella [3]
Species
Species name and type strain (consult LPSN http://www.bacterio.net/index.html for this information)
Veillonella parvula strain 10790
Description and significance
Give a general description of the species (e.g. where/when was it first discovered, where is it commonly found, has it been cultured, functional role, type of bacterium [Gram+/-], morphology, etc.) and explain why it is important to study this microorganism. Examples of citations [1], [2]
In 1979 the capnocytphaga genus was first classified as a new genus of bacteria when it was deemed to have physiological differences to the similar (other specie) [7]. The key distinguishing features were: a 10% CO2 requirement for has phase culture; a strictly fermentative physiology; an inability to liquefy agar; and an absence of any catalase activity. The C. gingivalis strain specifically was also first isolated and classified at this time as one of eight (nine) genetically disaparate strains that all fall within the capnocytophage genus. It was originally isolated from normal human supra gingival plaque. A more extensive study resulted in a revised description of the bacteria, published in 1985 by London et al [11]. Some key characteristics of the C. gingival strain are summarised in Table 1 [11]. Of the six capnocytophaga strains found within the normal human oral flora, C gingivalis is perhaps the most rare [3]. The three other capnocytophaga strains are commonly found in the canine oral cavity and are responsible for bacterial infections resulting from dog bites [3].
Genome structure
Select a strain for which genome information (e.g. size, plasmids, distinct genes, etc.) is available.
Cell structure and metabolism
Cell wall, biofilm formation, motility, metabolic functions.
Ecology
Aerobe/anaerobe, habitat (location in the oral cavity, potential other environments) and microbe/host interactions.
C. gingivalis has been found to inhabit both supragingival and subgingival areas within the human oral cavity [6].
Pathology
Do these microorganisms cause disease in the oral cavity or elsewhere?
A review of medical cases studies, from 2000 to February 2016, revealed that C. gingivalis was responsible for causing disease in four separate cases. The diseases were: bacteraemia, pneumonia, sepsis, lung abscess and acute exacerbation of COPD [3].
C. gingivalis has demonstrated resistance to a number of the commonly prescribed antibiotics including: beta-lactams, flurorquinolones, macrolides, lincosamide and streptogramin. More specifically strains of C. gingivalis contain the blacsp-1, blacfxA2, blacfxA3, erm(F) and erm(C) genes [3], [4].
Application to biotechnology
Bioengineering, biotechnologically relevant enzyme/compound production, drug targets,…
Current research
Summarise some of the most recent discoveries regarding this species.
References
References examples
3. List of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature
- ↑ MICR3004
This page is written by Aimee Davidson for the MICR3004 course, Semester 2, 2016
