User:S4188552

Aimee Davidson Bench E Date ^[1]

Classification

Higher order taxa

Kingdom – Domain – Phylum – Class – Order – Family – Genus

Kingdom - Bacteria - Firmicutes - Negativicutes - Selenomonadales - Veillonellaceae - Veillonella ^[3]

Species

Species name and type strain (consult LPSN http://www.bacterio.net/index.html for this information)

Species name: Veillonella parvula Type strain: strain 10790

Description and significance

Give a general description of the species (e.g. where/when was it first discovered, where is it commonly found, has it been cultured, functional role, type of bacterium [Gram+/-], morphology, etc.) and explain why it is important to study this microorganism. Examples of citations ^[1], ^[2]

Genome structure

Select a strain for which genome information (e.g. size, plasmids, distinct genes, etc.) is available.

V. parvula exhibits a circular 2.13 Mb (2,132,142 bp) genome, of which 88.46 % is DNA encoding, and was the first member of the Veillonella family to have its complete genome sequenced. Its 1920 genes include: 1859 protein-encoding genes, 61 RNA specific genes and 15 pseduogenes, with an overall GC content of 38.63%. The majority of these genes are predicted to have either an unknown (385 genes) or general function (177 genes). Although those genes with a predicted function are predominately involved with: translation, ribosomal structure, cell wall or membrane biogenesis, energy production and conversion, amino acid, coenzyme and inorganic transport and metabolism ^[5] .

Cell structure and metabolism

Cell wall, biofilm formation, motility, metabolic functions.

Ecology

Aerobe/anaerobe, habitat (location in the oral cavity, potential other environments) and microbe/host interactions.

Pathology

Do these microorganisms cause disease in the oral cavity or elsewhere?

V. parvula has a well established association with human oral diseases, in particular demonstrating a strong association with severe early childhood carries and intraradicular infections ^[5],^[6].

Although V. parvula is generally presented as a commensal or non-pathogenic resident in the bacterial communities of the oropharynx and the gastrointestinal, genitourinary and respiratory tracks ^[7] , it has rarely been associated with a number of serious and life-threatening infections. These infections include: osteomyeltitis, spondylodiscitis, discitis, meningitis and sinus infections ^[7], ^[8].