Staphylococcus roseus

A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Staphylococcus roseus

Classification

Higher order taxa

Bacteria; Firmicutes; Bacilli; Bacillales; Staphylococcaceae;

Genus species

Staphylococcus roseus

Description and significance

Staphylococcus roseus is a light red to red colored bacterium. [[Image:Stroseus.jpg|frame|center<IMG HEIGHT="10%" WIDTH="10%" SRC="Stroseus.jpg">|

Staphylococcus roseus colonies on TSA exhibiting nondiffusable bright pink pigment.[[1]]   

[[Image:S roseus plate1.jpg|frame|center<IMG HEIGHT="10%" WIDTH="10%" SRC="S roseus plate1.jpg">|

Staphylococcus roseus colonies on TSA exhibiting nondiffusable bright pink pigment.[[2]]   

Plate provided by C. Marques and C. Dunlap and image taken by M. Glogowski

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Cell structure and metabolism

Staphylococcus roseus is a non-motile gram positive cocci that is coagulase negative. The cocci are usually clustered in groups of 4. It gets its name “roseus” from the cultures pigment. Cultures exhibit circular colonies that are convex in shape, and smooth and dry texture. S. roseus is an obligate aerobe. S. roseus creates a alkaline in glucose, but cannot utilize sucrose or lactose. Likewise, S. roseus is able to hydrolyze casein, triglycerides, and starch but not phospholipids. S. roseus also cannot utilize citrate as a carbon source. Also, S. roseus can be induced to create lysine decarboxylase. S. roseus does not have cytochrome C as its terminal electron acceptor in its electron transport chain which reveals that it is a staphylococcus, not a micrococcus. S. roseus can break hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water with catalase. The optimum temperature for growth is around 25°C.

Current research

Currently, research is being done to better distinguish the differences between the genera Micrococcus, Staphylococcus, and Sarcina. Because the G+C ratio found in S. roseus is about 72-72.8%, which leads scientists to believe that these species are more closely related to the genus Micrococcus, instead of Staphylococcus. As of now the deciding factor of what characteristics belong to what group is determined by the utilization of oxidase, which is the test for the presence of cytochrome c. Micrococcus is oxidase positive, while Staphylococcus is oxidase negative.

Staphylococcus roseus is sensitive to metronidazole. Metronidazole is a medical drug used to treat infections caused by microorganisms."

References

Rosypalová1, Alena, J. Boháccaronek1, and S. Rosypal. "Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition of some micrococci and sarcinae". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 1966. Volume 32 Number 1/December. p. 192-96.

Geary, Colin, and M. Stevens. "Rapid Lysostaphin Test to Differentiate Staphylococcus and Micrococcus species". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 1986. Volume 23(6). p. 1044–1045.

Hwang, Joseph, and Betzaida Maya. Microbiology Lab- Unknown: Staphylococcus roseus. Raw data. Loyola University Chicago, Chicago. 23 Apr. 2009.

Jones, Dorothy, R. H. Diebel, and C. F. Niven Jr. "Identity of Staphylococcus epidermis". Journal of Bacteriology. 1963. Volume 85(1). p. 62-67.

Cowan, S.T. (1974), “Cowan and Steel’s Manual for the identification of the medical bacteria.” Cambridge University Press. Cambridge p. 59.

Created by students of M Glogowski