Jordan.Arredondo
Classification
Domain: Bacteria Kingdom: Eubacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Bacilli Order: Bacillales Family: Bacillaceae Genus: Bacliiius
NCBI link to find]
Species
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NCBI: Taxonomy |
Genus species: Bacillus Cereus
Habitat Information
Describe the location and conditions under which the organism was isolated.
B. cereus is found all around the world, makes a necessary switch from single cellular to multicellular once in the soil to help with translocation. Found near vegetative growth and has optimum growth conditions as follows:
1.) 28 - 35 degress celsius
2.) Oxygen
3.) Sediment
4.) Food products act as a host
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2863360/
Description and Significance
Describe the appearance (colonial and cellular), possible antimicrobial activity etc. of the organism, and why the organism might be significant.
This organism is a large, rod-shaped, endospore forming gram positive bacteria, which in the endospore form, might lay dormant for decades or maybe longer. Bacillus Cereus is said to be most closely related to Bacillus Anthracis, which causes Anthrax!!! and also related to Bacillus thuringiensis, which is found in some insect pesticides. Without stating where, the bacteria was first isolated in 1969 from a man with a fatal case of pneumonia, samples taken from his blood and lung fluid.
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bacillus_cereus
http://textbookofbacteriology.net/B.cereus.html
http://www.mn.uio.no/farmasi/english/research/groups/lamda/research-projects/bacillus.html
Genome Structure
This circular chromosome measures 5,411,809 nt in length and sequenced by a shotgun sequencing method, with 5481 genes, 5234 protein coding, 147 structural RNAs. The genome measures anywhere between 5.4 and 6.3 in size. A cluster within the genome encodes for an arginine deiminiase metabolic pathway that is said to have a role in it's survival with the resistance from acidic type conditions. The arginine deiminase produces ammonia and that is what protects the cells from high acidic environments until the levels rose to level out.
Include S Ribosomal sequence that you obtained from PCR and sequencing here.
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bacillus_cereus
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2843090
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
To maintain the cell's shape, a thick peptidoglycan makes up the inner membrane. This organism is motile, using a flagella for swimming and swarming. In a single cell it uses a swimming motion with a shorter flagellated rods and when the organism uses a swarming function, the flagellum has been seen to be 3 to 4 times longer. This is a facultative aerobe that can use oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor, and uses methods of anaerobic respiration for energy as well. In aerobic respiration, the organism reduces equivalents produced from glycolysis and the Kreb's cycle, reoxidizing them by the electron transport chain. In anaerobic respiration, the organism uses fermentation to make energy.
https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Bacillus_cereus
References
Author
Page authored by Jordan Arredondo, student of Prof. Kristine Hollingsworth at Austin Community College.
