Bacteria and Heart Disease

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S. mutans adhered to the surface of Aortic value tissue. Imaged via Scanning EM by researchers at the University of Florida, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Gainsville, USA.

By Morgan Miller

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Legend/credit: Electron micrograph of the Ebola Zaire virus. This was the first photo ever taken of the virus, on 10/13/1976. By Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, then at the CDC.
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Heart disease is the leading cause of death among both men and women killing an average of 610,000 people every year. Furthermore, new research suggests that it is not just caused by high levels of cholesterol in the body. Instead, our hygiene has an important role to play in whether or not we get heart disease. Specifically, researchers at the University of Queensland in Australia suggest that our microbial flora has just as much to do with our risk of heart disease as our diet does. So, what role does the human microbiome play in our risk of heart disease? More importantly, how does the human microbiome contribute to heart disease? The researchers suggest that cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be caused by periodontal disease-causing bacteria via their transport from the gum tissues other regions in the body such as the heart, all the while retaining their pathogenicity.² Furthermore, this pathogenicity triggers an immune response that leads to platlet formation in the arteries near the heart leading to CVD and eventually heart failure if left untreated.

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SEM image of Enterococcus faecalis. Image credit: Janice Haney Carr, CDC/Pete Wardell.

Agar plate colonies of A. Enterococcus faecium. B. Enterococcus faecali. C. both colonies on the same plate.

SEM of Enterococcus faecium (colorized). image credit:unique biotech limited

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References

Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2018, Kenyon College.