Tick-Borne Diseases in Equine

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Introduction

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<With the current rise in tick counts across the midwest, tick-borne diseases should be of significant interest and concern for both human and animal health (1). Across the tick species, different diseases can be caused by various microbes and many of them can be quite harmful to the host. According to the CDC, a list of the most common tick-borne diseases includes the following: Lyme disease, Anaplasmosis, and Babesiosis, each of them being transmitted through the saliva during a bite from an infected tick (5). Lyme disease, an infection caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, as well as Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the pathogen known to cause Anaplasmosis, are carried both by the common blacklegged tick (Ixodes scapularis) and the western blacklegged tick (Ixodes pacificus). In addition to B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum, the blacklegged tick also carries the pathogen Babesia microti, which causes the disease, Babesiosis (4). Although these three vector-borne diseases are brought on and carried by ticks, each of them function differently. Based on their structure, genome, and phylogeny, we have a better understanding of how these pathogenic microbes infect their hosts, as well as how they survive and reproduce, causing the symptoms that we associate with each disease. > Every point of information REQUIRES CITATION using the citation tool shown above.

Section 2

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Section 3

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References

Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2023, Kenyon College