Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and EBV-associated lymphomas: Difference between revisions

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==Section 1==
==Latency Patterns of EBV Infection==




Revision as of 06:33, 7 April 2021

By Yangyang Liu (Kenyon '23)

Introduction

This illustration depicts the structure of the ubiquitous γ-herpes virus EBV. The drawing credit for this image belongs to Ben Taylor [1].

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), formally called Human gammaherpesvirus 4, are a group within the Lymphocryptovirus genus of the Herpesviridae family. EBVise double-stranded DNA viruses that use RNA polymerase for mRNA synthesis based on their negative-strand as the template. EBV Infection occurs through oral transfer of saliva as well as genital secretions and more than 90% of normal adults would gain adaptive immunity after their primary EBV infection. The remaining EBV virus would remain in an asymptomatic latent state for a lifetime within resting B-cells, and a healthy adult with a working immune system would be able to contain the infection with the help of their cytotoxic T cells (CTLs), lymphocyte CD8+ and CD4+, and natural killer (NK) cells [1]. Only a small subset encountering life-threatening diseases due to them unable in maintaining the virus within the latent state. In an uncontrolled situation, EBV-driven lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas could develop with the patients. EBV-associated cancers are a common example among the ~15% of all human cancers involving a virus infection [2].

Some of the most well-known illnesses that are caused by EBV are mononucleosis, Burkitt’s lymphoma, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD), nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and numerous other types of cancer [3]. This page investigates how different latency patterns of EBV infection could lead to numerous types of lymphoma. It also addresses the role of EBV in rare EBV-associated NK-cell lymphoproliferative diseases.


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Latency Patterns of EBV Infection

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Conclusion

See Also

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Stomach
Small Intestine
The Hologenome Theory of Evolution
Microbes and Animal Behavior
Intestinal Microflora and Antibiotic Resistance

References

  1. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3305910/#:~:text=Epstein%2DBarr%20virus%20(EBV),driven%20lymphoproliferative%20disorders%20and%20lymphomas
  2. ↑ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/rmv.456
  3. ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3415781/
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.
  5. ↑ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.



Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski, 2021, Kenyon College.

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