Evolution of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Public Health: Difference between revisions

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==Evolution of <i>Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Public Health==
==Cognitive and Physical Effects of Bacterial Meningitis==
[[File:23254 lores.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) bacteria. See PHIL 617 for a black and white view of this image. Phoro credit: [http://www.cdc.gov/ CDC.]]]
[[File:Meningitis-meningococcus.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) bacteria. See PHIL 617 for a black and white view of this image. Phoro credit: [http://www.cdc.gov/ CDC.]]]
<b>By Alyssa Gest<br>
By Alyssa Gest
<br><i>Mycobacterium Tuberculosis<i> (TB) is a species of pathogenic bacteria that is one of the world's leading bacterial pathogens. It is a gram-positive bacterium that attacks the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body and cause further damage to important organs. This includes lymph nodes, bones, kidneys, the brain, the spine and even the skin. From the lungs, the bacteria will move through the blood or lymphatic systems to reach other regions of the body. Although this bacteria is a pathogen, not everyone will experience symptoms who get infected. Those who have weaker immune systmes are more at risk for developing serious illnesses including young children and babies. Others with underlying conditions such as HIV, kidney disease, organ transplants, etc. are also at higher risk of death. It can be easily spread from person to person through the air and surfaces. They begin to colonize in the lungs through small air sacs and rapidly move through the low and small airways. They are very small, ranging from 0.2–0.5 µm wide and 2–4 µm long, allowing them to slip through the airways and move through the bloodstream.<br><br>The insertion code consists of:
 
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Meningitis, characterized by the inflammation of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord, poses a significant threat to human health, especially acute bacterial meningitis. Understanding the etiology and virulence factors of bacterial meningitis is crucial for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Such pathogens include <i>Streptococcus pneumonia<i>, <i>Neisseria meningitidis<i>, and <i>Haemophilus influenza<i>. They demonstrate various mechanisms to break through the blood-brain barrier and invade the central nervous system. These lead to altercations in the brain and spinal cord and later the infected person can develop cognitive impairment and physical consequences. These mechanisms enable bacterial colonization inside the hose cell and promote their survival. They also involve complex interactions with the virulence factors of the pathogenesis bacteria and the host cell immune mechanisms. These processes help scientists and doctors develop targeted therapies and vaccines for bacterial meningitis.
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Latest revision as of 23:30, 11 April 2024

Cognitive and Physical Effects of Bacterial Meningitis

Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. See PHIL 617 for a black and white view of this image. Phoro credit: CDC.

By Alyssa Gest

Meningitis, characterized by the inflammation of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord, poses a significant threat to human health, especially acute bacterial meningitis. Understanding the etiology and virulence factors of bacterial meningitis is crucial for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Such pathogens include Streptococcus pneumonia, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenza. They demonstrate various mechanisms to break through the blood-brain barrier and invade the central nervous system. These lead to altercations in the brain and spinal cord and later the infected person can develop cognitive impairment and physical consequences. These mechanisms enable bacterial colonization inside the hose cell and promote their survival. They also involve complex interactions with the virulence factors of the pathogenesis bacteria and the host cell immune mechanisms. These processes help scientists and doctors develop targeted therapies and vaccines for bacterial meningitis. The insertion code consists of: Double brackets: [[ Filename: PHIL_1181_lores.jpg
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Legend/credit: Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Photo credit: CDC. Every image requires a link to the source.
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References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "Caenorhabditis elegans meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.
  2. ↑ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.



Authored for BIOL 238 Microbiology, taught by Joan Slonczewski,at Kenyon College,2024

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