Gunnera Cyanobacteria symbiosis: Difference between revisions

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Cyanobacteria are the largest phylum of Gram-positive prokaryotes on earth. They are known for their ability to obtain energy through photosynthesis <ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168945207003202?via%3Dihub Sinha, R. P., & Häder, D. P. (2008). UV-protectants in cyanobacteria. <i>Plant Science</i>, 174(3), 278-289.]</ref>. The ability to produce oxygen is believed to be an attribute to their success in evolution because the environment in which they were developing was otherwise occupied by anaerobic bacteria <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=4oJ_vi27s18C&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=Whitton+BA,+ed.+(2012).+%22The+fossil+record+of+cyanobacteria%22.+Ecology+of+Cyanobacteria+II:+Their+Diversity+in+Space+and+Time.+Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media.+pp.+17%E2%80%93.+&ots=JG1mYJsMTT&sig=yuPO7pmok3mkSV5sDkrOn0uGc4U#v=onepage&q=Whitton%20BA%2C%20ed.%20(2012).%20%22The%20fossil%20record%20of%20cyanobacteria%22.%20Ecology%20of%20Cyanobacteria%20II%3A%20Their%20Diversity%20in%20Space%20and%20Time.%20Springer%20Science%20%26%20Business%20Media.%20pp.%2017%E2%80%93.&f=false Whitton, B. A. (Ed.). (2012). <i>Ecology of cyanobacteria II: their diversity in space and time</i>. Springer Science & Business Media.]</ref>.  
Cyanobacteria are the largest phylum of Gram-positive prokaryotes on earth. They are known for their ability to obtain energy through photosynthesis <ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168945207003202?via%3Dihub Sinha, R. P., & Häder, D. P. (2008). UV-protectants in cyanobacteria. <i>Plant Science</i>, 174(3), 278-289.]</ref>. The ability to produce oxygen is believed to be an attribute to their success in evolution because the environment in which they were developing was otherwise occupied by anaerobic bacteria <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=4oJ_vi27s18C&oi=fnd&pg=PR3&dq=Whitton+BA,+ed.+(2012).+%22The+fossil+record+of+cyanobacteria%22.+Ecology+of+Cyanobacteria+II:+Their+Diversity+in+Space+and+Time.+Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media.+pp.+17%E2%80%93.+&ots=JG1mYJsMTT&sig=yuPO7pmok3mkSV5sDkrOn0uGc4U#v=onepage&q=Whitton%20BA%2C%20ed.%20(2012).%20%22The%20fossil%20record%20of%20cyanobacteria%22.%20Ecology%20of%20Cyanobacteria%20II%3A%20Their%20Diversity%20in%20Space%20and%20Time.%20Springer%20Science%20%26%20Business%20Media.%20pp.%2017%E2%80%93.&f=false Whitton, B. A. (Ed.). (2012). <i>Ecology of cyanobacteria II: their diversity in space and time</i>. Springer Science & Business Media.]</ref>.  


Many species live in large colonies of cells ranging from hundreds to thousands of cells in a single colony <ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138769/ Tamulonis, C., Postma, M., & Kaandorp, J. (2011). Modeling filamentous cyanobacteria reveals the advantages of long and fast trichomes for optimizing light exposure. <i>PLoS One</i>, 6(7), e22084.]</ref>. These colonies are able to form filaments, sheets, or hollow spheres <ref>[https://internal-journal.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.631654/full Aguilera, A., Klemenčič, M., Sueldo, D. J., Rzymski, P., Giannuzzi, L., & Martin, M. V. (2021). Cell death in Cyanobacteria: current understanding and recommendations for a consensus on its nomenclature. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 416.</ref>. These colonies, when too large, can form harmful algal blooms that can cause great harm to the aquatic ecosystem and the surrounding area it is in (Pearl and Otten).  
Many species live in large colonies of cells ranging from hundreds to thousands of cells in a single colony <ref>[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138769/ Tamulonis, C., Postma, M., & Kaandorp, J. (2011). Modeling filamentous cyanobacteria reveals the advantages of long and fast trichomes for optimizing light exposure. <i>PLoS One</i>, 6(7), e22084.]</ref>. These colonies are able to form filaments, sheets, or hollow spheres <ref>[https://internal-journal.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.631654/full Aguilera, A., Klemenčič, M., Sueldo, D. J., Rzymski, P., Giannuzzi, L., & Martin, M. V. (2021). Cell death in Cyanobacteria: current understanding and recommendations for a consensus on its nomenclature. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 416.] </ref>. These colonies, when too large, can form harmful algal blooms that can cause great harm to the aquatic ecosystem and the surrounding area it is in (Pearl and Otten).  




Revision as of 12:45, 5 November 2021

Gunnera

Gunnera manicata is one of 40-50 species in the Gunnera genus.[1].

Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria are the largest phylum of Gram-positive prokaryotes on earth. They are known for their ability to obtain energy through photosynthesis [1]. The ability to produce oxygen is believed to be an attribute to their success in evolution because the environment in which they were developing was otherwise occupied by anaerobic bacteria [2].

Many species live in large colonies of cells ranging from hundreds to thousands of cells in a single colony [3]. These colonies are able to form filaments, sheets, or hollow spheres [4]. These colonies, when too large, can form harmful algal blooms that can cause great harm to the aquatic ecosystem and the surrounding area it is in (Pearl and Otten).


Section 2 Microbiome

Include some current research, with a second image.

Conclusion

Overall text length (all text sections) should be at least 1,000 words (before counting references), with at least 2 images.

Include at least 5 references under References section.

References

  1. ↑ Sinha, R. P., & Häder, D. P. (2008). UV-protectants in cyanobacteria. Plant Science, 174(3), 278-289.
  2. ↑ Whitton, B. A. (Ed.). (2012). Ecology of cyanobacteria II: their diversity in space and time. Springer Science & Business Media.
  3. ↑ Tamulonis, C., Postma, M., & Kaandorp, J. (2011). Modeling filamentous cyanobacteria reveals the advantages of long and fast trichomes for optimizing light exposure. PLoS One, 6(7), e22084.
  4. ↑ Aguilera, A., Klemenčič, M., Sueldo, D. J., Rzymski, P., Giannuzzi, L., & Martin, M. V. (2021). Cell death in Cyanobacteria: current understanding and recommendations for a consensus on its nomenclature. Frontiers in Microbiology, 12, 416.


Edited by Rachael Tomasko, student of Joan Slonczewski for BIOL 116 Information in Living Systems, 2021, Kenyon College.

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