Mesorhizobium onobrychidis: Difference between revisions

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(Created page with "Mesorhizobium onobrychidis {{Uncurated}} thumb|300px|right|Legend. Image credit: Name or Publication. ==Classification== Domain; Phylum; Class; Order; family [Others may be used. Use [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/ NCBI] link to find] ===Species=== {| | height="10" bgcolor="#FFDF95" | '''NCBI: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=1007084&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock]''' |} ''Ge...")
 
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{{Uncurated}}
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[[Image:Filename.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Legend. Image credit: Name or Publication.]]
[[Image:ACPphotos.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Colonies and cells of Mesorhizobium onobrychidis strain OM4 T and Onobrychidicola muellerharveyae strain. Image credit: Torsten Thuenen]]


   
   
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Domain; Phylum; Class; Order; family [Others may be used.  Use [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/ NCBI] link to find]
Domain: Bacteria


Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Alphapoteobacteria
Order: Hyphomicrobiales
Family: Phyllobacteriaceae
   
   


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''Genus species''
''Genus species''


==Description and Significance==
==Description and Significance==


Describe the appearance, habitat, etc. of the organism, and why you think it is important.
<i>Mesorhizobium onobrychidis</i> is part of the genus, Mesorhizobium, which are gram negative bacteria that live in tropical, temperate, sub-tropical, and arctic soils. <I>M. onobrychidis</i> induces plant legume nodules and assists the plant with nitrogen and carbon dioxide fixation. Though it is very similar to other species in its genus, it has one of the largest strains and highest number of genes that code for these specific functions: biofertilization, phytohormone, plant signal production, stress resistance, competitive exclusion, and plant immune response stimulation. This species directly affects plant growth performance and even has a set of plant growth promotion traits.
 


==Genome Structure==
==Genome Structure==


Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes?  Circular or linear?  Other interesting features?  What is known about its sequence?
This species contains a unique genomic island and has a high density of symbiotic genetic traits. The complete genome size is 7.55 Mb and the circular chromosome is 7.32 Mb and contains one circular plasmid of 227 kb. The guanine-cytosine composition contains a large genomic island of 61.9%. It contains 414 genes and multiple gene clusters that are similar to other Mesorhizobium strains. There are a total of 2,683 core, 1,151 accessory, 2,444 cloud, and 1,068 unique genes. <i>Mesorhizobium onobrychidis</i> has approximately 2.5 times more genes than any other Mesorhizobium strains on average.
 


==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==
==Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle==


Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
This species has the ability to perform nodulation and biosynthesize vitamin B3 and pilus-fimbriae. It utilizes plant metabolites like amino acids and also degrades salicylic acid. It adapts to the plant’s metabolism that it is attached to, meaning it does not have its own set of carbohydrates, amino acids, and nucleotides.  


It is immobile and lacks the genes for chemotaxis. It has no flagella.


==Ecology and Pathogenesis==
==Ecology and Pathogenesis==


Habitat; symbiosis; biogeochemical significance; contributions to environment.<br>
This microbe lives on the root nodules of plants. It assists in carbon and nitrogen fixation. It has a mutualistic relationship with the plants it lives on. It provides the plant with nitrogen from the atmosphere and in exchange the pant provides the microbe with the photosynthesis product carbon


If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.<br><br>
Plants that have been found with his microbe have showed a much faster progression in growth and are seen to be healthier.


Achieves colonization inside the plant via biofilms


==References==
==References==


[Sample reference] [http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/cgi/reprint/50/2/489 Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. "''Palaeococcus ferrophilus'' gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". ''International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology''. 2000. Volume 50. p. 489-500.]
Ashrafi, S., Kuzmanović, N., Patz, S., Lohwasser, U., Bunk, B., Spröer, C., Lorenz, M., Elhady, A., Frühling, A., Neumann-Schaal, M., Verbarg, S., Becker, M., & Thünen, T. (2022). Two New Rhizobiales Species Isolated from Root Nodules of Common Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Show Different Plant Colonization Strategies. Microbiology spectrum, 10(5), e0109922. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01099-22


 
Loranjo M, Alexandre A, Oliveira S. (2014). Legume growth-promoting rhizobia: An overview on the Mesorhizobium genus. Microbiological Research. 169(1): 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.012
 
 
LPSN. (n.d.). Species Mesorhizobium Onobrychidis. Species: Mesorhizobium onobrychidis. https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/mesorhizobium-onobrychidis


==Author==
==Author==

Latest revision as of 03:26, 13 December 2023

Mesorhizobium onobrychidis

This student page has not been curated.
Colonies and cells of Mesorhizobium onobrychidis strain OM4 T and Onobrychidicola muellerharveyae strain. Image credit: Torsten Thuenen


Classification

Domain: Bacteria

Phylum: Pseudomonadota

Class: Alphapoteobacteria

Order: Hyphomicrobiales

Family: Phyllobacteriaceae


Species

NCBI: [1]


Genus species

Description and Significance

Mesorhizobium onobrychidis is part of the genus, Mesorhizobium, which are gram negative bacteria that live in tropical, temperate, sub-tropical, and arctic soils. M. onobrychidis induces plant legume nodules and assists the plant with nitrogen and carbon dioxide fixation. Though it is very similar to other species in its genus, it has one of the largest strains and highest number of genes that code for these specific functions: biofertilization, phytohormone, plant signal production, stress resistance, competitive exclusion, and plant immune response stimulation. This species directly affects plant growth performance and even has a set of plant growth promotion traits.

Genome Structure

This species contains a unique genomic island and has a high density of symbiotic genetic traits. The complete genome size is 7.55 Mb and the circular chromosome is 7.32 Mb and contains one circular plasmid of 227 kb. The guanine-cytosine composition contains a large genomic island of 61.9%. It contains 414 genes and multiple gene clusters that are similar to other Mesorhizobium strains. There are a total of 2,683 core, 1,151 accessory, 2,444 cloud, and 1,068 unique genes. Mesorhizobium onobrychidis has approximately 2.5 times more genes than any other Mesorhizobium strains on average.

Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle

This species has the ability to perform nodulation and biosynthesize vitamin B3 and pilus-fimbriae. It utilizes plant metabolites like amino acids and also degrades salicylic acid. It adapts to the plant’s metabolism that it is attached to, meaning it does not have its own set of carbohydrates, amino acids, and nucleotides.

It is immobile and lacks the genes for chemotaxis. It has no flagella.

Ecology and Pathogenesis

This microbe lives on the root nodules of plants. It assists in carbon and nitrogen fixation. It has a mutualistic relationship with the plants it lives on. It provides the plant with nitrogen from the atmosphere and in exchange the pant provides the microbe with the photosynthesis product carbon

Plants that have been found with his microbe have showed a much faster progression in growth and are seen to be healthier.

Achieves colonization inside the plant via biofilms

References

Ashrafi, S., Kuzmanović, N., Patz, S., Lohwasser, U., Bunk, B., Spröer, C., Lorenz, M., Elhady, A., Frühling, A., Neumann-Schaal, M., Verbarg, S., Becker, M., & Thünen, T. (2022). Two New Rhizobiales Species Isolated from Root Nodules of Common Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) Show Different Plant Colonization Strategies. Microbiology spectrum, 10(5), e0109922. https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.01099-22


Loranjo M, Alexandre A, Oliveira S. (2014). Legume growth-promoting rhizobia: An overview on the Mesorhizobium genus. Microbiological Research. 169(1): 2-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.012


LPSN. (n.d.). Species Mesorhizobium Onobrychidis. Species: Mesorhizobium onobrychidis. https://lpsn.dsmz.de/species/mesorhizobium-onobrychidis

Author

Page authored by Amaya Pitts, student of Prof. Bradley Tolar at UNC Wilmington.