Prevotella histicola: Difference between revisions

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===Prevotella histicola===


{{Microbial Phenomics Data
==Classification==
|Source DOI=10.1099/ijs.0.65656-0
 
|Family=Prevotellaceae
Domain:  Bacteria
|Genus=Prevotella
 
|Genus source text=Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain T05-04T revealed this organism to belong to the genus Prevotella (Fig. 2)
Phylum:  Bacteroidetes
|Species=histicola
 
|Species source text=Prevotella histicola [his.ti9co.la. N.L. masc. n. histus (from Gr. histos) tissue; L. suffix -cola (from incola) inhabitant; N.L. fem./masc. n. histicola inhabitant of tissue].
Class:  Bacteroides
|Strain=T05-04 (= DSM 19854 =CCUG 55407)
 
|Strain source text=he type strain of Prevotella histicola is T05-04T (5DSMT =CCUG 55407T).
Order:  Bacteroidales
|Genome size=0.7 X 0.8-3.0 um
 
|Genome size source text=Gram-negative bacilli that are 0.7 X 0.8–3.0 um in size.
Family:  Prevotellaceae
|Percent G plus C=43 mol%
 
|Percent G plus C source text=The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain is 43 mol%.
Genus:  Prevotella
|Cell shape=bacillus
 
|Cell shape source text=Gram-negative bacilli isolated from human oral
Species:  histicola
|Pigments=variably; cream and opaque
 
|Pigments source text=Cells are obligately anaerobic, non-motile, variably pig- menting, Gram-negative bacilli that are 0.760.8–3.0 mm in size. After 3 days incubation on FAA plates, colonies are 1.5–2.0 mm in diameter, circular, entire, convex, cream- coloured and opaque. Some strains produce black colonies in the presence of metronidazole and other strains form bull’s-eye colonies with reddish-brown pigmentation in the centres. Growth in broth media produces moderate turbidity that is markedly enhanced by the addition of fermentable carbohydrates.  
[1]
|cell wall=Gram-negative
 
|Cell wall source text=Gram-negative bacilli isolated from human oral
==Introduction:  Description and significance==
|motility=non motile
Prevotella histicola are Gram-negative bacilli that are obligately anaerobic, vary in pigmentation and are non-motile. Prevotella histicola is found in the mucosal tissues of the human oral cavity and is considered a normal flora of the human oral microbiota.[2]  It is generally commensal but are known to intrude the epithelial cells lining the cheeks. The human oral cavity is the threshold to the human body. Energy, food, enters the mouth, is broken down and is mixed with saliva prior to traveling through the remainder of the body. This aids in the possibility of spreading the bacteria from the mouth to other parts of the body. Prevotella is the largest genus, with approximately fifty species.[5]  The Prevotella species are affiliated with many oral diseases and certain infections found in other areas of the human body.[2][3]  The human oral cavity consist of many different habitats, including teeth, gingival sulcus, tongue, cheeks, hard and soft palates, and tonsils which are colonized by bacteria. The oral microbiome is comprised of over six hundred prevalent taxa at the species level, with distinct subsets predominating at different habitats.[5]
|Motility source text=Cells are obligately anaerobic, non-motile, variably pig- menting,
 
|habitat=mucosal tissue from the human oral cavity
==Habitat==
|Habitat source text=were isolated from mucosal tissue from the human oral cavity.
Prevotella histicola is found living in the dental plaque of the mouth. Dental plaque is simply the colonization of a microbial community on the teeth in the form of a biofilm. Dental plaque is thought to be beneficial to the host as it may aid in fighting off pathogens. It also may contribute to pathogenesis. More research is needed to draw more conclusions.[7]
|oxygen use=anaerobic
 
|Oxygen use source text=Cells are obligately anaerobic, non-motile, variably pig- menting,
==Behavior==
|mono & di-saccharides=fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, sucrose
Prevotella histicola grows well at 37 degrees Celsius.  This particular strain is found living in the dental plaque of humans.  While this strain of Prevotella is considered to be commensal, other strains of Prevotella are known to act as opportunistic pathogens, often penetrating tissues and establishing an infection of mucosal surfaces.[2]
|mono & di-saccharides source text=Cells are saccharolytic and are able to ferment fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, raffinose and sucrose, but not arabinose,cellobiose, mannitol, melezitose, melibiose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, trehalose or xylose.
 
|polysaccharides=raffinose,
==Genome Structure Phylogeny==
|Fermentation products=acetic acid and succinct acid
At this time little is known about Prevotella histicola.  The most recent research reveals a genome size of 0.7 wide by 0.8-3.0 um long (and occasionally up to 5 um long) while after three days incubation, colonies are 1.5-2.0mm in diameter, circular, entire, convex, cream-coloured and opaque.[2]  Some strains produce black colonies in the presence of metronidazole and other strains form bull's-eye colonies with reddish-brown pigmentation in the centers.[2]
|Fermentation products source text=Prevotella histicola is saccharolytic and produces acetic acid and succinic acid as major end products of fermentation and trace to minor amounts of isovaleric acid and lactic acid.
 
|Peer review ready=Yes
==Metabolism (energy & carbon source)==
|Peer review complete=No
Cells are saccharolytic and are able to ferment fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, raffinose and sucrose.[2]  Major amounts of acetic acid and succinic acid and trace to minors amounts of isovaleric acid and lactic acid are produced as end products of metabolism in peptone/yeast extract/glucose broth.[2]
}}
 
==Strain Information==
The type strain of Prevotella histicola is T05-04T (=DSM 19854T=CCUG 55407T)[2]
http://www.straininfo.net/strains/842262;jsessionid=8573FE8E465D1173B6BC26CE22061091.straininfo2
 
==References==
1.  http://www.homd.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=HOMD&file=index&oraltaxonid=298&view=dynamic#editanchor
 
2.  Downes et al. Prevotella histicola sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2008; 58 (8): 1788 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65656-0
http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/58/8/1788
 
3.  Rudney, J. D., Chen, R. & Zhang, G.  (2005).  Steptococci dominate the diverse flora within buccal cells.  J Dent Res 84, 1165-1171.
 
4.  http://www.straininfo.net/strains/842262;jsessionid=8573FE8E465D1173B6BC26CE22061091.straininfo2
 
5.  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2944498/
 
6.  Avguštin, G., A. Ramšak, and M. Peterka. 2001. Systematics and Evolution of Ruminal Species of the GenusPrevotella. Folia Microbiologica, 46(1): 40-44.
7.  http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6831/6/S1/S14
 
 
Edited by (Shayron Minish Yeaw), student of Rachel Larsen at the University of Southern Maine
 
<!--Do not edit or remove this line.-->[[Category:Pages edited by students of Rachel Larsen]]

Latest revision as of 22:53, 12 March 2014

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Prevotella histicola

Classification

Domain: Bacteria

Phylum: Bacteroidetes

Class: Bacteroides

Order: Bacteroidales

Family: Prevotellaceae

Genus: Prevotella

Species: histicola

[1]

Introduction: Description and significance

Prevotella histicola are Gram-negative bacilli that are obligately anaerobic, vary in pigmentation and are non-motile. Prevotella histicola is found in the mucosal tissues of the human oral cavity and is considered a normal flora of the human oral microbiota.[2] It is generally commensal but are known to intrude the epithelial cells lining the cheeks. The human oral cavity is the threshold to the human body. Energy, food, enters the mouth, is broken down and is mixed with saliva prior to traveling through the remainder of the body. This aids in the possibility of spreading the bacteria from the mouth to other parts of the body. Prevotella is the largest genus, with approximately fifty species.[5] The Prevotella species are affiliated with many oral diseases and certain infections found in other areas of the human body.[2][3] The human oral cavity consist of many different habitats, including teeth, gingival sulcus, tongue, cheeks, hard and soft palates, and tonsils which are colonized by bacteria. The oral microbiome is comprised of over six hundred prevalent taxa at the species level, with distinct subsets predominating at different habitats.[5]

Habitat

Prevotella histicola is found living in the dental plaque of the mouth. Dental plaque is simply the colonization of a microbial community on the teeth in the form of a biofilm. Dental plaque is thought to be beneficial to the host as it may aid in fighting off pathogens. It also may contribute to pathogenesis. More research is needed to draw more conclusions.[7]

Behavior

Prevotella histicola grows well at 37 degrees Celsius. This particular strain is found living in the dental plaque of humans. While this strain of Prevotella is considered to be commensal, other strains of Prevotella are known to act as opportunistic pathogens, often penetrating tissues and establishing an infection of mucosal surfaces.[2]

Genome Structure Phylogeny

At this time little is known about Prevotella histicola. The most recent research reveals a genome size of 0.7 wide by 0.8-3.0 um long (and occasionally up to 5 um long) while after three days incubation, colonies are 1.5-2.0mm in diameter, circular, entire, convex, cream-coloured and opaque.[2] Some strains produce black colonies in the presence of metronidazole and other strains form bull's-eye colonies with reddish-brown pigmentation in the centers.[2]

Metabolism (energy & carbon source)

Cells are saccharolytic and are able to ferment fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, mannose, raffinose and sucrose.[2] Major amounts of acetic acid and succinic acid and trace to minors amounts of isovaleric acid and lactic acid are produced as end products of metabolism in peptone/yeast extract/glucose broth.[2]

Strain Information

The type strain of Prevotella histicola is T05-04T (=DSM 19854T=CCUG 55407T)[2] http://www.straininfo.net/strains/842262;jsessionid=8573FE8E465D1173B6BC26CE22061091.straininfo2

References

1. http://www.homd.org/modules.php?op=modload&name=HOMD&file=index&oraltaxonid=298&view=dynamic#editanchor

2. Downes et al. Prevotella histicola sp. nov., isolated from the human oral cavity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY, 2008; 58 (8): 1788 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65656-0 http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/58/8/1788

3. Rudney, J. D., Chen, R. & Zhang, G. (2005). Steptococci dominate the diverse flora within buccal cells. J Dent Res 84, 1165-1171.

4. http://www.straininfo.net/strains/842262;jsessionid=8573FE8E465D1173B6BC26CE22061091.straininfo2

5. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2944498/

6. Avguštin, G., A. Ramšak, and M. Peterka. 2001. Systematics and Evolution of Ruminal Species of the GenusPrevotella. Folia Microbiologica, 46(1): 40-44.

7. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6831/6/S1/S14


Edited by (Shayron Minish Yeaw), student of Rachel Larsen at the University of Southern Maine

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