Salmonellosis
Etiology/Bacteriology
Etiology
Kingdom: bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enteroacteriales
Family: Enterobacteriacea
Genus: Salmonella
Species: Typhimurium
Bacteriology
Salmonella typhimurium are gram negative bacilli that are non-spore forming and facultatively anaerobe. This bacteria is predominately motile with peritrichous flagella
Pathogenesis
Clinical features
incidence and mortality
In the United States, approximately 40,000 cases of Salmonella typhimurium are reported annually, with approximately 400 deaths occurring annually as a consequence of these infections. Worldwide, 93.8 million cases of Salmonella are reported annually, with approximately 155,000 deaths occurring as a consequence of these infections. [1]
symptoms
The symptoms of Salmonellosis generally appear 12 to 72 hours after infection. The symptoms of Salmonellosis include self-limiting diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, and vomiting. Symptoms generally persist for 4-7 days after infection. In immunocompromised individuals, specifically infants and elderly patients, the diarrhea may become severe enough that the individual must be hospitalized in order to replenish fluids and electrolytes via IV. Although most symptoms in non-high-risk patients will fade a week after the initial infection, it may take months to re-establish the normal gut microbiota of the digestive tract. [2]
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Host Immune Response
References
References
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