Syntrophomonas wolfei

From MicrobeWiki, the student-edited microbiology resource

A Microbial Biorealm page on the genus Syntrophomonas wolfei

Classification

Higher order taxa

Domain; Phylum; Class; Order; family

Bacteria; Firmicutes; Clostridia; Clostridiales; Syntrophomonadaceae; Syntrophomonas; Syntrophomonas wolfei; Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. wolfei (NCBI)

Species

Syntrophomonas wolfei

NCBI: Taxonomy

Genus species

Description and significance

S.Wolfei is a syntrophic(for methanogenic enviroment with H2 using bacteria), anaerobic, nonphototrophic, bacterial prokaryote Its syntrophic nature was elucidated in its ability to grow in sterile conditions.

The importance of this organism is in its ability to B-oxidize fatty acids (4-8 carbons long)which is utilized in bioremediation. (see Ecology)

Genome structure

prokaryote 2,936,195 nt (ncbi) circular 2643 genes (3 genes have been discovered to be integral for syntrophic nature of organism and related to bacteria Desulfovibrio vulgaris: DVU2103, DVU2104 and DVU2108) encoding for 5045 proteins The genome sequence is currently being determined. Phylum Firmicutes indicates high or low GC content.

Cell structure and metabolism

S. Wolfei is classified under the Phylum Firmicutes, gram-negative bacteria.The existence of the gram negative multi layer was elucidated with growth inhibition by penicillin and increased sensitivity to lysis when treated with lysozyme. It takes a slightly helical shape with two to eight flagella attached to the concave side of the cell. S.wolfei is saturated fatty acid-beta-oxidizing anaerobe. It requires syntrophy with H2 using bacteria. The membrane phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) that predominated were the monounsaturated 16:1omega7c and 16:1omega9c and the saturated 16:0 and 14:0.


"Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. wolfei grew poorly in a defined medium with crotonate as the energy source in the absence of rumen fluid. Thiamine, lipoic acid, biotin, cyanocobalamin, and para-aminobenzoic acid were required for growth comparable to that obtained with the rumen fluid-based medium. Iron and cobalt were also required for the growth of S. wolfei in the chemically defined medium." (Beaty PS, McInerney MJ.)

Ecology

Syntrophic organism.

Spore forming. Subspecies differ in utilization of substrates (i.e. Syntrophomonas wolfei subsp. methylbutyratica). Contribute to break down of saturated fatty acids 4-8 carbons long.

Utilized for degradation of contaminants for bioremediation.

Pathology

How does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.

Application to Biotechnology

Does this organism produce any useful compounds or enzymes? What are they and how are they used?

Current Research

Enter summaries of the most recent research here--at least three required

References

This Article

Full Text (PDF)  
Alert me when this article is cited  
Alert me if a correction is posted  

Services

Similar articles in this journal  
Similar articles in PubMed  
Alert me to new issues of the journal  
Download to citation manager  
Cited by other online articles  
Books from ASM Press  
Copyright Information  
MicrobeWorld  

Google Scholar

Articles by McInerney, M. J.  
Articles by Costerton, J. W.  
Articles citing this Article  
Search for Related Content  

PubMed

PubMed Citation  
Articles by McInerney, M. J.  
Articles by Costerton, J. W.  

Agricola

Articles by McInerney, M. J.  
Articles by Costerton, J. W.  

Appl Environ Microbiol. 1981 April; 41(4): 1029-1039


Syntrophomonas wolfei gen. nov. sp. nov., an Anaerobic, Syntrophic, Fatty Acid-Oxidizing Bacterium M. J. McInerney1,2,, M. P. Bryant1,2, R. B. Hespell1 and J. W. Costerton3


Beaty PS, McInerney MJ, "Applied and Enviromental microbiology". 1990 Oct;56(10):3223-3224.

Sousa DZ, Smidt H, Alves MM, Stams AJ, "International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology". 2007 Mar;57(Pt 3):609-15.


[Sample reference] Takai, K., Sugai, A., Itoh, T., and Horikoshi, K. "Palaeococcus ferrophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a barophilic, hyperthermophilic archaeon from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent chimney". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 2000. Volume 50. p. 489-500.

Edited by student of Rachel Larsen and Kit Pogliano