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Revision as of 14:06, 28 August 2008
Introduction
According to the three-domain system, which is a biological classification scheme fabricated by Carl Woese, the cellular organisms that comprise life are divided into archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. Woese devised this categorization scheme by comparing the 16S rRNA sequences of living cells. The use of this specific ribosomal RNA was key to his success, as it was proved to be present in all living organisms. Therefore, comparison of this gene sequence was useful in determining the phylogeny of cellular life. This sequence differed between domains depending on the environment that surrounded the organisms as well as their method of metabolism. As a result, the prokaryotes were split into two domains, the archaea and bacteria, while the eukarya remained in a separate class due to their multicellular characteristics.
Despite the common misconception that bacteria are organisms that only cause disease, they play an important role in facilitating our digestion. For example, the large intestine is home to hundreds of bacteria that aid in absorption, excretion, and catalysis of undigested foods. There are also bacteria present in the small intestine that support break down of foods passed down from the stomach as well as nutrient absorption.
We will be focusing on organisms that are known to be harmful in the large intestine. The bacteria that will be discussed include the following: Heliobacter pylori, Sulfate reducing bacteria, Enterococcus, Bifidiobacteria, Escherichia coli, Bacteriodes, and Clostridium. In addition, we will discuss a eukaryotic organism, Entamoeba histolytica, and see how it effects the large intestine.
Description of Niche
Where located?
Physical Conditions?
What are the conditions in your niche? Temperature, pressure, pH, moisture, etc.
Influence by Adjacent Communities (if any)
Is your niche close to another niche or influenced by another community of organisms?
Conditions under which the environment changes
Do any of the physical conditions change? Are there chemicals, other organisms, nutrients, etc. that might change the community of your niche.
Who lives there?
Which microbes are present?
You may refer to organisms by genus or by genus and species, depending upon how detailed the your information might be. If there is already a microbewiki page describing that organism, make a link to it.
Do the microbes that are present interact with each other?
Describe any negative (competition) or positive (symbiosis) behavior
Do the microbes change their environment?
Do they alter pH, attach to surfaces, secrete anything, etc. etc.
Do the microbes carry out any metabolism that affects their environment?
Do they ferment sugars to produce acid, break down large molecules, fix nitrogen, etc. etc.
Current Research
Enter summaries of the most recent research. You may find it more appropriate to include this as a subsection under several of your other sections rather than separately here at the end. You should include at least FOUR topics of research and summarize each in terms of the question being asked, the results so far, and the topics for future study. (more will be expected from larger groups than from smaller groups)
References
Edited by [Benjamin Dae Lee], students of Rachel Larsen
