User:S4337056: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
==Description and significance== | ==Description and significance== | ||
Rothia dentocariosa is a described as a pleomorphic, gram-positive bacteria most commonly found residing as part of the human micoflora in the oral cavity and the pharynx. (1) First discovered in | Rothia dentocariosa is a described as a pleomorphic, gram-positive bacteria most commonly found residing as part of the human micoflora in the oral cavity and the pharynx. (1) First discovered in 1949, R. dentocariosa was first isolated from dental plaques and caries in oral cavity of humans. R. dentocariosa is included in the family, Actinomycetaceae due to its filamentous, pleomorphic morphology. (6) Due to the bacterium being pleomorphic, its morphology can be differentiated into a coccal, bacillary, or diptheroidal cells. (5) The morphology and physiology of R. dentocariosa is closely related to Actinomyces as well as several species from the genus Nocardia. (6) Examples of citations <sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>, <sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup> | ||
==Genome structure== | ==Genome structure== | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
==Pathology== | ==Pathology== | ||
R. dentocariosa can raise complications such as periodontal disease when established with other bacteria of the oral microflora. (5) The presence of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microbes isolated along with R. dentocariosa from pericoronal pockets can suggest severe pericoronitis. (5) Peridontal disease is therefore a risk factor for individuals infected with R. dentocariosa. (5) R. dentocariosa is also | Reports of clinical infections arise to the primary infection of R. dentocariosa are rare. (8) Although R. dentocariosa is indicated to have low virulence, it can raise complications such as periodontal disease when established with other bacteria of the oral microflora. (5) The presence of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microbes isolated along with R. dentocariosa from pericoronal pockets can suggest severe pericoronitis. (5) Peridontal disease is therefore a risk factor for individuals infected with R. dentocariosa. (5) In addition to oral infections, R. dentocariosa is also associated with other complications such as bacteraemia, septic arthritis, and pneumonia. Though rare, severe infections caused by R. dentocariosa can lead to the development of infective endocarditis in infected individuals. (7) Individuals suffering from prior heart conditions are frequently found to develop endocarditis caused by R. dentocariosa. (2) | ||
==Application to biotechnology== | ==Application to biotechnology== | ||
Given the fact that R. dentocariosa are typically of low virulence and is sensitive to a wide range of β-lactam antimicrobials, treatment and therapy is usually successful with rare reports of deaths. (9) | |||
Bioengineering, biotechnologically relevant enzyme/compound production, drug targets,… | Bioengineering, biotechnologically relevant enzyme/compound production, drug targets,… | ||
Revision as of 07:46, 23 September 2016
Gabriel Tai
Classification
Higher order taxa
Bacteria – Actinobacteria – Actinobacteria – Actinomycetales – Micrococcaceae – Rothia
Species
Rothia dentocariosa
Type strain: ATCC 17931, CCUG 35437, CIP 81.83, DSM 43762, DSM 46363, NBRC 12531, NCTC 10917, NRRL B-8017.
Description and significance
Rothia dentocariosa is a described as a pleomorphic, gram-positive bacteria most commonly found residing as part of the human micoflora in the oral cavity and the pharynx. (1) First discovered in 1949, R. dentocariosa was first isolated from dental plaques and caries in oral cavity of humans. R. dentocariosa is included in the family, Actinomycetaceae due to its filamentous, pleomorphic morphology. (6) Due to the bacterium being pleomorphic, its morphology can be differentiated into a coccal, bacillary, or diptheroidal cells. (5) The morphology and physiology of R. dentocariosa is closely related to Actinomyces as well as several species from the genus Nocardia. (6) Examples of citations [1], [2]
Genome structure
Representative genome: Rothia dentocariosa ATCC 17931. R. dentocariosa ATCC 17931 was isolated from the oral cavity for complete genome sequencing. ATCC 17931 strain comprises of a circular genome over 2 million base pairs in length. (3) The genome consists of 2,126 genes with 2,040 coding regions for protein production. (3)
Cell structure and metabolism
R. dentocariosa is characterized as non-acid-fast, non-pigmented, non-spore-forming, and non-haemolytic bacterium. (4) The peptidoglycan of R.dentocariosa is type A3a, having a D-alanine found in position 4, and an L-lysine in position 3. The cell wall is mainly comprised of galactose, fructose, glucose, and ribose. R. dentocariosa undergoes glucose metabolism in a fermentative manner, with the terminal products being lactic and acetic acids. (4)
Ecology
R. dentocariosa, being mainly an aerobic bacterium, can still grow in anaerobic conditions in a slower rate hindered by the presence of CO2. (4)
Pathology
Reports of clinical infections arise to the primary infection of R. dentocariosa are rare. (8) Although R. dentocariosa is indicated to have low virulence, it can raise complications such as periodontal disease when established with other bacteria of the oral microflora. (5) The presence of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microbes isolated along with R. dentocariosa from pericoronal pockets can suggest severe pericoronitis. (5) Peridontal disease is therefore a risk factor for individuals infected with R. dentocariosa. (5) In addition to oral infections, R. dentocariosa is also associated with other complications such as bacteraemia, septic arthritis, and pneumonia. Though rare, severe infections caused by R. dentocariosa can lead to the development of infective endocarditis in infected individuals. (7) Individuals suffering from prior heart conditions are frequently found to develop endocarditis caused by R. dentocariosa. (2)
Application to biotechnology
Given the fact that R. dentocariosa are typically of low virulence and is sensitive to a wide range of β-lactam antimicrobials, treatment and therapy is usually successful with rare reports of deaths. (9) Bioengineering, biotechnologically relevant enzyme/compound production, drug targets,…
Current research
Summarise some of the most recent discoveries regarding this species.
References
References examples
This page is written by Gabriel Tai for the MICR3004 course, Semester 2, 2016
