Vickie Nguyen and Haylie Beall
Classification
Bacillus subtilis
Domian: Bacteria
Kingdom: Monera
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacili
Order: Bacillales
Family: Bacillaceae
Genus: Bacillus
Species: B. subtilis
|
NCBI: Taxonomy |
According to BLAST using a genome sequence from PCR, our organism has been classified as Bacillus subtilis
Laboratory and Site Collection Data
The organism was isolated from a 10^-3 dilution of soil harvested from a patch of soil in Buda, TX. The soil sample was collected on a sunny afternoon in February 2016. The weather showed low humidity and a temperature of 83 degrees Fahrenheit. The soil dilution was plated on a TSA plate and cultured for one week. Bacterial colonies were transferred to a master patch plate and tested for antibiotic resistance. The organism was chosen based on its antibiotic resistance to E. coli.
Habitat Information
Bacillus Subtilis is typically found in upper layers of soil but is present in the air, water and plant compost. It is resistant to extreme temperatures, chemicals and even some types of radiation
Description and Significance
The organism has a colony morphology that is large(up to 2cm), white, rough(blistery with veins), and has irregular borders. There was a clearing surrounding the colony on a test patch plate containing E. coli. We have concluded that it has possible antimicrobial properties against E.coli. Under the microscope, we identified the organism to be gram positive with endospores using gram staining and endospore staining procedures. The organism were arranged in singular rods without a capsule. Because B. subtilis can be found readily in the soil and near grass, its usage of antimicrobial properties may be both practical and effective against E. coli infections.
Bacillus subtilis is useful in many ways, including industrial applications . Bacillus subtills is also used to produce enzymes including amylase and protease. It is also used in used to produce a variety of antibiotics such as difficidin and oxydifficidin.
Genome Structure
Describe the size and content of the genome. How many chromosomes? Circular or linear? Other interesting features? What is known about its sequence? Include S Ribosomal sequence that you obtained from PCR and sequencing here.
B. subtilis is thought to have a genome containing ~4100 genes. It replicates its genome through natural bacterial transformation where a competent bacterium transfers its double stranded circular DNA to an incompetent bacterium. Below are the forward and reverse sequences obtained from PCR.
Forward: ACGGAGCAACGCCGCGTGAGTGATGAAGG TTTTCGGATCGTAAAGCTCTGTTGTTAGGGAAGAACAAGTACCGTTCGAATAGGGCGGTACCTTGACGGTACCTAACCAG AAAGCCACGGCTAACTACGTGCCAGCAGCCGCGGTAATACGTAGGTGGCAAGCGTTGTCCGGAATTATTGGGCGTAAAGG GCTCGCAGGCGGTTCCTTAAGTCTGATGTGAAAGCCCCCGGCTCAACCGGGGAGGGTCATTGGAAACTGGGGAACTTGAG TGCAGAAGAGGAGAGTGGAATTCCACGTGTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGAGATGTGGAGGAACACCAGTGGCGAAGGCGACT CTCTGGTCTGTAACTGACGCTGAGGAGCGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCGAACAGGATTAGATACCCTGGTAGTCCACGCCGTAAA CGATGAGTGCTAAGTGTTAGGGGGTTTCCGCCCCTTAGTGCTGCAGCTAACGCATTAAGCACTCCGCCTGGGGAGTACGG TCGCAAGACTGAAACTCAAAGGAATTGACGGGGGCCCGCACAAGCGGTGGAGCATGTGGTTTAATTCGAAGCAACGCGAA GAACCTTACCAGGTCTTGACATCCTCTGACAATCCTAGAGATAGGACGTCCCCTTCGGGGGCAGAGTGACAGGTGGTGCA TGGTTGTCGTCAGCTCGTGNCGTGA
Reverse:
ACCACCTGTCACTCTGCCCCCGAAGGGGACGTCCTATCTCTAGGATTGTCAGAGGATGTCAAGACCTG
GTAAGGTTCTTCGCGTTGCTTCGAATTAAACCACATGCTCCACCGCTTGTGCGGGCCCCCGTCAATTCCTTTGAGTTTCA
GTCTTGCGACCGTACTCCCCAGGCGGAGTGCTTAATGCGTTAGCTGCAGCACTAAGGGGCGGAAACCCCCTAACACTTAG
CACTCATCGTTTACGGCGTGGACTACCAGGGTATCTAATCCTGTTCGCTCCCCACGCTTTCGCTCCTCAGCGTCAGTTAC
AGACCAGAGAGTCGCCTTCGCCACTGGTGTTCCTCCACATCTCTACGCATTTCACCGCTACACGTGGAATTCCACTCTCC
TCTTCTGCACTCAAGTTCCCCAGTTTCCAATGACCCTCCCCGGTTGAGCCGGGGGCTTTCACATCAGACTTAAGGAACCG
CCTGCGAGCCCTTTACGCCCAATAATTCCGGACAACGCTTGCCACCTACGTATTACCGCGGCTGCTGGCACGTAGTTAGC
CGTGGCTTTCTGGTTAGGTACCGTCAAGGTACCGCCCTATTCGAACGGTACTTGTTCTTCCCTAACAACAGAGCTTTACG
ATCCGAAAACCTTCATCACTCACGCGGCGTTGCTCCGTCAGACTTTCGTCCATTGCGGAAGA
Cell Structure, Metabolism and Life Cycle
Interesting features of cell structure; how it gains energy; what important molecules it produces.
Physiology and Pathogenesis
Biochemical characteristics, enzymes made, other characteristics that may be used to identify the organism; contributions to environment (if any).
If relevant, how does this organism cause disease? Human, animal, plant hosts? Virulence factors, as well as patient symptoms.
Motility
Phenol Red Broth
Starch Hydrolysis
Casein Hydrolysis
Gelatin Hydrolysis
DNA Hydrolysis
Lipid Hydrolysis
Methyl Red
Voges Proskauer
Citrate Test
SIM Tests
Nitrate Reduction
Urea Hydrolysis
Triple Sugar Iron
Oxidase EMB Agar
Hektoen Enteric Agar
MacConkey
Decarboxylation
Phenylalanine Deaminase
Catalase
Blood Agar
Mannitol Salt Agar
Phenylethyl Alcohol
Disinfectant: Clove
Disinfectant: 10% Lysol
Disinfectant: 100% Lysol
Disinfectant: Bleach
Disinfectant: IA
References
Author
Page authored by Vickie Nguyen and Haylie Beall, students of Prof. Kristine Hollingsworth at Austin Community College.
