Viral Replication and Ebola: Difference between revisions

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==Section==
==Introduction==
My project will focus on viral replication and how Ebola invades the immune system from a molecular approach. The page will have a very small section that introduces important/information that must be known about the virus. How the virus enters into hosts and how it uses glycoproteins to do so is a subtopic that will be included. Genome replication and key steps such as translation and transcription along with how proteins are modified during these steps are to be included as well. The project will also show how Ebola takes over the immune system through disrupting cell signaling and pathways. I should include the cell cycle of Ebola.
[[Image:Ebolapurpleimage.jpg|thumb|300px|right| A transmission electron microscopy image of the Ebola virion. Photo credit: [https://www.wsj.com/articles/ebola-in-congo-starts-scramble-to-contain-outbreak-1494858534/ Wall Street Journal]]]
 
The ebola virus genus which is responsible for the cause of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), is a hemorrhagic fever virus in humans.<ref>Kadanali A, Karagoz G. An overview of Ebola virus disease. North Clin Istanb. 2015 Apr 24;2(1):81-86. doi: 10.14744/nci.2015.97269. PMID: 28058346; PMCID: PMC5175058.</ref> The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classifies Ebola as a Category A select agent, making it a “high-priority agent” as it threatens national security.<ref>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, April 4). CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist-category.asp</ref> Ebolaviruses (EBOV) belong to the virus family Filoviridae which it shares with Marburgvirus and Cuevavirus.[1] EBOV genomes consist of non-segmented, single-stranded RNA structures that includes seven open reading frames.[5][15] The EBOV genome is approximately 18.9 kilobases long.[5]
The EBOV genome encodes for seven genes each containing its own open reading frame.[3][6][28] The seven gene all aid in the viral entry and replication of the virus (Figure ):
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1)Glycoproteins(GPs) bind to the host's receptors on the cell's surface to insert its viral genome.  
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2)The Ebola Matrix Protein (VP40 NPs) gives EBOV its filamentous shape and directs the budding of enveloped viruses
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3)Nucleoproteins are subunits of the Nucleocapsid that as whole protects the viral genome.
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4)VP35, VP30, and VP24 proteins play roles in the formation of EBOVs helical nucleocapsid
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5)The Polymerase (L) Protein is responsible for creating several copies of the RNA genome within hosts cells
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Sample citations: <ref name=aa>[http://www.plosbiology.org/article/fetchObject.action?uri=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1000005&representation=PDF Hodgkin, J. and Partridge, F.A. "<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> meets microsporidia: the nematode killers from Paris." 2008. PLoS Biology 6:2634-2637.]</ref>
<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847443/ Bartlett et al.: Oncolytic viruses as therapeutic cancer vaccines. Molecular Cancer 2013 12:103.]</ref>
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Latest revision as of 19:05, 14 April 2024

Introduction

A transmission electron microscopy image of the Ebola virion. Photo credit: Wall Street Journal

The ebola virus genus which is responsible for the cause of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), is a hemorrhagic fever virus in humans.[1] The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) classifies Ebola as a Category A select agent, making it a “high-priority agent” as it threatens national security.[2] Ebolaviruses (EBOV) belong to the virus family Filoviridae which it shares with Marburgvirus and Cuevavirus.[1] EBOV genomes consist of non-segmented, single-stranded RNA structures that includes seven open reading frames.[5][15] The EBOV genome is approximately 18.9 kilobases long.[5] The EBOV genome encodes for seven genes each containing its own open reading frame.[3][6][28] The seven gene all aid in the viral entry and replication of the virus (Figure ):

1)Glycoproteins(GPs) bind to the host's receptors on the cell's surface to insert its viral genome.
2)The Ebola Matrix Protein (VP40 NPs) gives EBOV its filamentous shape and directs the budding of enveloped viruses
3)Nucleoproteins are subunits of the Nucleocapsid that as whole protects the viral genome.
4)VP35, VP30, and VP24 proteins play roles in the formation of EBOVs helical nucleocapsid
5)The Polymerase (L) Protein is responsible for creating several copies of the RNA genome within hosts cells

New Section

Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. See PHIL 617 for a black and white view of this image. Phoro credit: CDC.

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Legend/credit: Magnified 20,000X, this colorized scanning electron micrograph (SEM) depicts a grouping of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Photo credit: CDC. Every image requires a link to the source.
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  1. ↑ Kadanali A, Karagoz G. An overview of Ebola virus disease. North Clin Istanb. 2015 Apr 24;2(1):81-86. doi: 10.14744/nci.2015.97269. PMID: 28058346; PMCID: PMC5175058.
  2. ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018, April 4). CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist-category.asp
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